All IEB SAGS Chemistry Definitions

All IEB SAGS Chemistry Definitions Molar Mass - ANS-The mass in grams of one mole of that substance. Solute - ANS-The substance that is dissolved in the solution. Solvent - ANS-The substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution. Concentration - ANS-The number of moles of solute per volume of solution. Standard Solution - ANS-A solution of known concentration. Intramolecular Bond - ANS-Bond occurring between atoms within molecules. Electronegativity - ANS-A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. Covalent Bond - ANS-A sharing of a least one pair of electrons by two atoms. Non-Polar (Pure) Covalent Bond - ANS-An equal sharing of electrons. Polar Covalent - ANS-An unequal sharing of electrons leading to a dipole forming (as a result of electronegativty difference). Ionic Bond - ANS-A transfer of electrons and subsequent electrostatic attraction. Metallic Bonding - ANS-Bonds between a positive kernel and a sea of delocalised electrons. Intermolecular Force - ANS-A weak force of attraction between molecules or between atoms of noble gases. Heat of Reaction [∆H] - ANS-The net change of chemical potential energy of the system. Exothermic Reactions [∆H 0] - ANS-Reactions which transfer potential energy into thermal energy. Bond formation. Endothermic Reactions [∆H 0] - ANS-Reactions which transfer thermal energy into potential energy. Bond breaking. Activation Energy - ANS-The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction. Continues...