ATI Adult Medical Surgical Nursing questions and answers 100% guaranteed success.

ATI Adult Medical Surgical Nursing questions and answers 100% guaranteed success. aseptic technique - correct clean technique -hand hygiene, sterile gloves not used bacterial meningitis - correct an emergency and IV antibitoics are needed ASAP stress fracture - correct answers.a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact adults body fluids - correct answers.50-60% of total body weight is water infants body fluids - correct answers.15-80% of total body wt is water 2/3 body weight - correct intracellular 1/3 body weight - correct extracellular 1 kg (2.2 lb) of body weight - correct approximately 1 L of fluid older adults - correct less body water and decreased thirst sensation fluid volume deficit factors - correct s GI and/or renal loss diaphoresis fever long term NPO hemorrhage burns fluid volume deficit manifestations - correct t loss, dry mucus membranes, increased HR and RR, thready pulse, capillary refill less than 3 seconds, weakness, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, poor skin turgor -urine output less than 25 mL/hr -high hematocrit (45%) -BUN 20 -tenting of skin fluid volume deficit LATE signs - correct ria, decreased CVP, flattened neck veins hypertonic dehydration - correct sodium than water is lost -sodium 145 -spec graph 1.03 high urine specific gravity - correct is dehydrated and conserving water -concentrated urine mild to moderate dehydration - correct skin and increased thirst severe dehydration - correct 100 cold extremities central venous pressure - correct s blood pressure within the right atrium that influences the pressure in the large peripheral veins normal output - correct answers.0.5 mL/kg/hr no more than 2000mL/day isotonic IVF - correct ment of vascular system fluid deficit -concentration = to plasma -prevent fluid shift between compartments isotonic solutions - correct l saline lactated ringer's 5% dextrose in water hypotonic IVF - correct ment of intracellular dehydration -lower osmolality than the ECF -shift fluid from ECF to ICF hypotonic solutions - correct answers.0.45% NS 2.5% dextrose in 0.45% saline small numbers -- big cells hypertonic IVF - correct only when serum osmolality is critically low -osmolality higher than the ECF -shift fluid from ICF to ECF hypertonic solutions - correct answers.10% Dextrose in Water, 5% Dextrose in 0.45% Saline, 5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline -big numbers -- shink cells fluid volume excess - correct answers.Fluid intake or fluid retention that EXCEEDS the fluid needs of the body fluid volume excess factors - correct y failure (late phase), heart failure, cirrhosis, hypertonic fluids, burns, excessive water intake, long term *corticosteroid therapy* fluid volume excess manifestations - correct answers.• Pitting edema, sacral edema. • Dyspnea, crackles, possible pulmonary edema. • Bounding pulse, weight gain. • Lethargy, dizziness, headache, confusion, weakness • Increased CVP, jugular vein distention. • Increased blood pressure, *tachycardia*, tachypenia -decrease spec graph -BUN 7 -Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit urine specific gravity - correct answers.1.010-1.030 pitting edema scale - correct answers.1+ (minimal) to 4+ (severe) fluid volume excess NI - correct answers.*first evaluate electrolytes* measure abdominal girth daily weights strict I/O maintain skin integrity use semi-Fowler's position; reposition q 2hr Major intracellular electrolytes - correct sium, phosphate, magnesium major extracellular electrolytes - correct answers.Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, and Bicarbonate. hypokalemia risk factors - correct se effects: *corticosteroids*, diuretics (thiazide), laxative abuse, terbutaline body fluid loss: vomiting, diarrhea, wound drainage, NG suction excessive diaphoresis, kidney disease, alkalosis bulimia hypokalemia symptoms - correct e weakness, cramps, *ileus*, hyporeflexia, *parasthesias (numbness/tinging)*, flaccid paralysis, constipation, *flat/inverted T waves*, dysrhythmias, fatigue