Chapter 2
The importance of managers and management in modern society
Managers need to cope with diverse and far-reaching challenges from inside as well as
outside organisation.
Managers have the most direct influence on the performance of its employees and have the
primary responsibility for inculcating the values, beliefs, norms and values of the top
management for the long-term sustainability of the organisation.
Management and the management process.
Management can be defined as:
o a process of
o working with and through others to
o achieve organisational goals and objectives as
o effectively and efficiently as possible
o making the most of scarce resources
o within an ever-changing environment.
Management process: Managers need certain resources or inputs to deliver outputs or
performance. All managers engage in some manner in four fundamental, interrelated activities, also
called the management functions, to achieve their goals:
o Planning
o Organising
o Leading
o Controlling
Planning
o Setting an organisation’s goals and finding the best way to achieve them.
o It determines the organisation’s mission and goals.
Organising
o Developing an organisational structure that indicates how people and other
resources should be deployed to achieve organisational goals.
Leading
o Directing human resources and motivating them in such a way that their actions are
aligned with previously formulated goals and plans.
Controlling
o Monitoring the organisation’s progress toward the attainment of its goals.
Working with and through others: Managers give direction by performing the basic managerial
functions and get things done by working with and through people and other organisations. They
direct activities so that there is one clear directions towards which all individuals in the organisation
can work.
Achieving organisational goals and objectives: An objective can be described as a target to be
strived for. Organisational goals and objectives serve later as measuring sticks for performance.
The importance of managers and management in modern society
Managers need to cope with diverse and far-reaching challenges from inside as well as
outside organisation.
Managers have the most direct influence on the performance of its employees and have the
primary responsibility for inculcating the values, beliefs, norms and values of the top
management for the long-term sustainability of the organisation.
Management and the management process.
Management can be defined as:
o a process of
o working with and through others to
o achieve organisational goals and objectives as
o effectively and efficiently as possible
o making the most of scarce resources
o within an ever-changing environment.
Management process: Managers need certain resources or inputs to deliver outputs or
performance. All managers engage in some manner in four fundamental, interrelated activities, also
called the management functions, to achieve their goals:
o Planning
o Organising
o Leading
o Controlling
Planning
o Setting an organisation’s goals and finding the best way to achieve them.
o It determines the organisation’s mission and goals.
Organising
o Developing an organisational structure that indicates how people and other
resources should be deployed to achieve organisational goals.
Leading
o Directing human resources and motivating them in such a way that their actions are
aligned with previously formulated goals and plans.
Controlling
o Monitoring the organisation’s progress toward the attainment of its goals.
Working with and through others: Managers give direction by performing the basic managerial
functions and get things done by working with and through people and other organisations. They
direct activities so that there is one clear directions towards which all individuals in the organisation
can work.
Achieving organisational goals and objectives: An objective can be described as a target to be
strived for. Organisational goals and objectives serve later as measuring sticks for performance.
