Scientific Reasoning (SCIE 326) Athabasca | 36 Questions and Answers Complete 100% verified

Inductive Reasoning - Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations. Basically, there is data, then conclusions are drawn from the data. the sun rises each day in the East. Therefore we can infer that the sun always rises each day in the East. the observations may be true but because they are limited the conclusion may still be false. Tentative. Deductive Reasoning - Deductive reasoning, or deduction, starts out with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion The scientific method uses deduction to test hypotheses and theories. If we take as a premise that the sun always rises each morning in the East, then we can deduce that the sun will rise tomorrow morning in the East. In valid deduction, if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true. 3 moral qualities of the inductive attitude - Intellectual Courage: To be ready to revise any one of our beliefs. Intellectual Honesty: To be willing to change a belief when there is a compelling reason to change it. Wise Restraint: Not to change beliefs capriciously, without good reason. State four significant differences between the scientific and religious approaches to the world - A. Science attempts to bring coherence to our experiences; religion attempts to infuse our experiences with meaningB. Science is statements about sensory information; religion is statements which we cannot perceive with our senses C. Science is public and conveyed in terms which can be precisely defined. Religion is often private and difficult to express in well-defined terms. D. Science results are tentative. Religion are generally not tentative or subject to revision. The difference of the word "meaning" in science vs religion - The key is context. Science: meaning as bringing order and coherence to a set of otherwise unrelated facts and observations. "giving new meaning to data". Understanding. Religion: existential. Why am I here? What is my purpose? A private event, something that is experienced, and perhaps that is influenced by various dogma describe the scientific point of view in a general way - the goal is to obtain as accurate a description of nature as is possible. This means that the scientific point of view seeks to strip away anything that might introduce bias or misperception into its methods and modes of analysis, to the extent that this is possible. the inductive attitude "aims at adapting our _____ to our ________ as efficiently as possible. - beliefs , experience provide at least three reasons why it is important to understand science, at least in a general way - Science can lead to technology that improves our lives