BSC 2010 Chapter 16 Review

BSC 2010 Chapter 16 Review 1. Phylogenetic analysis of a section of the plant genus Leptosiphon A. was based on the sequences of mitochondrial DNA. B. revealed that L. “bicolor” is actually three distinct lineages. C. revealed that an ancestral species of the Leptosiphon group was likely to be self-compatible. D. showed that the Leptosiphon group is synapomorphic. E. showed that the Leptosiphon group has a homoplastic trait. Correct See Concept 16.3: Phylogeny Makes Biology Comparative and Predictive Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: B 2. All clades are subsets of larger clades. The most inclusive clade on the following diagram is ; the least inclusive clade includes the . A. amniotes; lizard B. mammals; lamprey C. mammals; mouse D. tetrapods; salamander E. vertebrates; chimpanzee Correct See Concept 16.1: All of Life Is Connected through Its Evolutionary History Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: E 3. Which of the following statements about traits is false? A. A trait may be considered ancestral or derived, depending on the point of reference. B. Traits may be lost by evolutionary reversal. C. Homoplastic traits can arise by convergent evolution. D. Derived traits differ from their ancestral forms. E. Synapomorphies are shared ancestral traits. Correct See Concept 16.1: All of Life Is Connected through Its Evolutionary History Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: E 4. Based on the figure below, which of the following taxa are monophyletic? A. Blue B. Green C. Red D. Yellow E. Both a and c Correct See Concept 16.4: Phylogeny Is the Basis of Biological Classification Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: E 5. The of a phylogenetic tree represents the common ancestor, the represent places where lineages diverge, and the axis represents time. Assume that the tree is oriented as described in the textbook. A. node; roots; horizontal B. root; nodes; horizontal C. root; branches; vertical D. root; nodes; vertical E. node; branches; verical Correct See Concept 16.1: All of Life Is Connected through Its Evolutionary History Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: B 6. Refer to the diagram below showing a polygenetic tree of immunodeficiency viruses. Which of the following statements is false? A. SIVcpz could be considered an outgroup f clade of SIV that is found in sun-tailed and green monkeys. B. SIVsm and HIV-2 are sister clades. C. There are two different HIV strains. D. HIV viruses evolved from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). E. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are more closely related to each other than to any of the simian immunodeficiency viruses. Correct See Concept 16.3: Phylogeny Makes Biology Comparative and Predictive Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: E 7. Refer to the phylogenetic tree shown in below. Which of the following statements is true? A. The tree is polyphyletic. B. The tree is based on homoplastic traits. C. The lamprey is the outgroup because it is not a vertebrate. D. The mouse is the sister species to the chimpanzee. E. The lizard is more closely related to the salamander than to the crocodile. Correct See Concept 16.2: Phylogeny Can Be Reconstructed from Traits of Organisms Points Earned: 1/1 Your Response: D 8. A taxon that contains organisms that do not share a common ancestor is called A. a clade. B. monophyletic. C. homoplastic.