Peds- Exam 1 Growth and Development Exam Review 2023

Fill in the ages denoted by each of the following periods of development neonatal period infancy toddler period preschooler school-age prepubertal period adolescence - ANS-birth-1 mos (4 weeks) 1 mo - 12 mos 1-3 yr 3-6 yr 6-12 yr 9-10 yr 13-18 yr Match Erikson's Stage and Age _ birth to 1 yr _ 1-3 yrs _ 3-6 yrs _ 6-12 yrs _ 12-18 yrs a. initiative vs. guilt b. autonomy vs. shame and doubt c. trust vs. mistrust d. identity vs. role confusion e. industry vs. inferiority - ANS-C B A E D Match each stage of cognitive development with its defining characteristics. _____ sensorimotor stage (birth - 2 yrs) _____ preoperational stage (2-7 yrs) _____ concrete operations (7-11 yrs) _____ formal operations (11-13 yrs) 1. predominant characteristics is egocentrism 2. thought is adaptable and flexible 3. child progresses from reflex activity to imitative behavior; problem solving is trial and error 4. thought becomes increasingly logical and coherent; conservation is developed; problems are solved in a concrete, systematic fashion 5. child displays a high level of curiosity, experimentation, and enjoyment of novelty. begins to develop a sense of self as (s)he is able to differentiate self from the environment 6. child can think in abstract terms, use abstract symbols, and draw logical conclusions from a set of operations 7. child can now consider a point of view other than his or her own; socialized thinking occurs 8. child is unable to see things from any perspective other than his or her own; thinking is concrete - ANS-3,5 1, 8 4, 7 6, 2 Name the primitive reflexes of the newborn - ANS-moro reflex sucking reflex rooting reflex grasping reflex tonic neck babinski stepping reflex plantar/palmar reflex A nurse discusses dental care with the parents of a 3-year-old. The nurse explains that by the age of 3 years, their child should have how many deciduous teeth? - ANS-20 deciduous teeth Children have 20 deciduous teeth that erupt between 6 months and 24 months of age. The deciduous teeth are lost beginning at age 6 through age 12, and they are replaced by permanent teeth. The mother of a 6-month-old infant is concerned that the infant's anterior fontanel is still open. The nurse should explain to the mother that further evaluation is needed if the anterior fontanel is still open after how many months? - ANS-18 months The anterior fontanel should be com-pletely closed by age 12 to 18 months. If the fontanel is found to be open after 18 months, the child should be referred for further evaluation, since the time for clo-sure has been exceeded. With a group of new mothers, the nurse has dis-cussed appropriate support of an infant to prevent injuries from falls. Which statement by a mother indicates to the nurse a need for further education? 1. "I have installed a secure baby gate at the top of the stairs." 2. "I never leave my baby unattended on my bed." 3. "By the time my baby is 6 months old he will be able to sit without support." CONTINUES...