CLAS 220 Exam 1 updated 2023 questions and compete solutions

CLAS 220 Exam 1 updated 2023 questions and compete solutions Lecture 1, Introduction - Mythos vs. Logos, Originally - -Mythos: authoritative story about the world -Logos: just one of many stories; not authoritative Mythos vs. Logos, Later - -Mythos: marked as "not true" -Logos: marked as true, not because it works, but because it's right What is a myth? - -an authoritative story about the world, accepted within a given community as true -can take many different forms and variations -majority of Greek and Roman myth comes from literary texts Origins of myth - -personifying/explaining natural forces -psychological forces -memorable historical events What is ritual? - -regularly recurring action -done for its symbolic value -special places, times, words, objects, people -set apart from daily life -ex. Thanksgiving dinner What is religion? - -Religion=myth + ritual -myth explains ritual, and gives it a context -ritual brings myth into the here-and-now -no word for religion in Greek or Latin because it's not separable from the rest of life (myth/ritual are part of life) Panhellenic - All Greek Polis - city-state The most important aspect of local religion is: - the hero Lecture 2, The Goddesses: The Homeric Hymns - Hera - -wife of Zeus (and sister) -Goddess of marriage -represented seducing her husband -always seeking vengeance for husband's infidelities -Mother Ares, Hephaestus, and minor deities Hebe (youth) and Eileithyia (childbirth) Demeter - -name makes her a mother-goddess -Goddess of grain and of the harvest -daughter, Persephone, becomes queen of the underworld Athena - -Goddess of the city (Athens), crafts, the olive tree, civilization, cunning -Virgin goddess