Biology EOC Genetics| 100 Questions | With Complete Solutions

Adenine correct answer: This bonds to thymine (T) in DNA. Amino Acids correct answer: This is a molecule that contains both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. They are the building blocks of protein. Amniocentesis correct answer: This is is a medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is extracted amniotic sac surrounding a developing fetus and the fetal DNA is examined. Artificial Selection correct answer: This is the process of intentionally interfering with the breeding process to encourage certain traits over others. Asexual correct answer: This is a type of reproduction where one organism divides into two and there is no exchange of genetic information. Asexual Reproduction correct answer: Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself. Base Pair Rule correct answer: This is the foundation for DNA replication, the rule that states the purine adenine (A) always pairs with the pyrimidine thymine (T) and the pyrimidine cytosine (C) always pairs with the purine guanine (G). Biomolecule correct answer: These are large chemical compounds, primarily consisting of carbon and hydrogen, that exist in living organisms. Biotechnology correct answer: This is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life. Cancer correct answer: This is the result of uncontrolled cell division. Often caused by mutations. Mutations may be caused by environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals. Cell Culturing correct answer: This is growing of cells in a synthetic environment. Cell Division correct answer: This is the process of cell reproduction where cell splits into two daughter cells. Central Dogma correct answer: This is the the theory that describes protein building in this order: DNA to RNA to protein. DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to protein. Protein is never back-translated to RNA or DNA; DNA is never directly translated to protein. Chromosome correct answer: This is the structure in the cell nucleus that houses a cell's genetic information. Chromosome Theory correct answer: This theory of inheritance states that genes are located on chromosomes which undergo segregation and independent assortment. Clones correct answer: These are organisms that come from the same cell and are genetically identical to one another. Codon correct answer: This is a 3 letter sequence of DNA or messenger RNA code that stands for one amino acid in a protein. Crossing Over correct answer: This is the process in which two chromosomes exchange DNA during prophase of meiosis. Cytosine correct answer: This bonds to guanine (G) in DNA. Deletion correct answer: A genetic mutation caused by the loss of a chromosomal segment. Deoxyribose correct answer: This is the sugar found in the side chains of DNA Diploid correct answer: This is an organism or cell with two sets of chromosomes. DNA correct answer: This holds an organisms hereditary information.