Biology - EOC Review Note: Questions with multiple answers should be written alphabetically.

What are the 4 types of macromolecules? correct answer: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins What elements make up carbohydrates? correct answer: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen What is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates? correct answer: 1:2:1 What do most carbohydrates end with? correct answer: -ose What is the function of carbohydrates? correct answer: short term energy What are the monomers of carbohydrates? Ex: glucose and fructose correct answer: monosaccharides What are the polymers of carbohydrates? Ex: surcrose, starch, glycogen correct answer: disaccharides, polysaccharides What kind of shape/structure do carbohydrates have? correct answer: ring The function of these macromolecules is to act as a long term energy storage and provide insulation and protection. Ex: oils correct answer: lipids What elements make up lipids? (be specific) correct answer: carbon, hydrogen, limited oxygen What is the monomer of a lipid? correct answer: fatty acid and glycerol What are the polymers of lipids? correct answer: triglycerides Which lipids consist of carbon atoms joined with a single bond? correct answer: saturated Which lipids consist of a double bond between at least 1 carbon atom with another carbon? correct answer: unsaturated Which lipids are made of glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group? They are found in cell membranes. correct answer: phospholipid The function of these macromolecules are to control reaction rates, form cell structure, and transport substances. Ex: enzymes, hemoglobin, antibodies correct answer: proteins What elements make up proteins? correct answer: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen What are the monomers of proteins? (20 kinds) correct answer: amino acids