SB1. Biology EOC Review| 129 Questions| With Complete Solutions

Active Transport correct answer: Process requiring energy for the movement of particles across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) correct answer: An organic compound that is composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups. With the addition of another phosphate group, it is converted to ATP for the storage of energy during cell metabolism. It then forms again, from ATP, when a phosphate group is removed to release energy. Amino Acids correct answer: This is a molecule that contains both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. They are the building blocks of protein. Anaphase correct answer: This is the stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes separate to the opposite ends of the cell. Animal Cell correct answer: This kind of cell from a multicellular organism does not have a large central vacuole. Asexual correct answer: This is a type of reproduction where one organism divides into two and there is no exchange of genetic information. Asexual Reproduction correct answer: Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself. ATP correct answer: This is the main energy storage and transfer molecule in the cell. Available Oxygen correct answer: This is the amount of oxygen present at a specific time that can be used in aerobic cellular respiration. Basic Needs correct answer: These are the things needed for life: water, air, food, light, shelter, and space. Binary Fission correct answer: This is a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell or organism is split in two; this is a natural form of cloning and provides no genetic variety. Biomolecule correct answer: These are large chemical compounds, primarily consisting of carbon and hydrogen, that exist in living organisms. Budding correct answer: This is a type of asexual reproduction where an offspring grows out of the body of the parent. Calvin Cycle correct answer: This is a series of chemical reactions that take place in the chloroplasts and occur as part of the dark reactions of photosynthesis. Carbohydrate correct answer: This is a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; it is used by cells to store and release energy. Sugars are made by chloroplasts through photosynthesis and consumed by mitochondria through cell respiration. Carbon correct answer: This is an element in the periodic table that is the basis for all organic molecules.