Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice Unit 3 - Ch. 4 Exam Questions With Verified Answers

Which of the following are components of the paradigm of nursing? 1. The person, health, environment, and theory 2. Health, theory, concepts, and environment 3. Nurses, physicians, health, and patient needs 4. The person, health, environment/situation, and nursing - Answer Answer: 4. The nursing paradigm focuses on person, health, environment/situation, and nursing. All the elements interact with one another, with the patient being central. A theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions that: 1. Formulate legislation. 2. Explain a phenomenon. 3. Measure nursing functions. 4. Reflect the domain of nursing practice. - Answer Answer: 2. Theories are designed to explain a phenomenon such as self-care or caring. A theory is a way of seeing through a "set of relatively concrete and specific concepts" and the propositions that describe or link the concepts. A patient with diabetes is controlling the disease with insulin and diet. The nursing health care provider is focusing efforts to teach the patient self-management. Which of the following nursing theories is useful in promoting self management? 1. Neuman 2. Orem 3. Roy 4. Peplau - Answer Answer: 2. Orem's theory of self-care provides a solid theoretical background for self-management for a variety of diseases. This theory shows the nurse how to direct the patient toward self-management to promote health and/or sustain wellness. While working in a community health clinic, it is important to obtain nursing histories and get to know the patients. Part of history taking is to develop the nurse-patient relationship. Which of the following apply to Peplau's theory when establishing the nurse-patient relationship? (Select all that apply.) 1. An interaction between the nurse and patient must develop. 2. The patient's needs must be clarified and described. 3. The nurse-patient relationship is influenced by patient and nurse preconceptions. 4. The nurse-patient relationship is influenced only by the nurse's preconceptions. - Answer Answer: 1, 2, 3. There is continual interaction by both the patient and the nurse throughout all phases of the nurse-patient relationship. Option 4 is incorrect because the focus is only on the nurse. Theory-based nursing practice uses a theoretical approach for nursing care. This approach moves nursing forward as a science. This suggests that: 1. One theory will guide nursing practice. 2. Scientists will decide nursing decisions. 3. Nursing will only base patient care on the practice of other sciences. 4. Theories will be tested to describe or predict patient outcomes. - Answer Answer: 4. There are multiple theories for the practice of nursing; these theories are tested to develop the evidence to describe or predict patient outcomes.