HBS Final Exam review Questions With Complete Solutions

Epithelial Tissue correct answer: Covers things lining of organs and body cavities in layers Connective Tissue correct answer: joins things together and has a fairly consistant matrix which allows it to fill space with unique shapes and sizes. Examples include adipose, blood, bones and cartilage Nervous Tissue correct answer: neurons and has long axons to allow signals travel distances Muscular Tissue correct answer: provides a) posture and body support b) locomotion and c) heat production. long and narrow so they can contract to allow movement How does the distribution and structure of different types of tissue in the body contribute to personal identity? correct answer: Some people have more muscle than others. Nerve connections affect the way our minds work and the way we make decisions. More obese people have more adipose than a thin person. What are the functions of the human skeleton? correct answer: the axial skeleton (skull and trunk) protect soft organs such as brain, heart, and lungs. The appendicular skeleton (arms and legs) provides attachment points for muscles that allow us to move. What is forensic anthropology? correct answer: the study of human bones to determine information about the deceased and decide cause of death and whether a crime was committed. How can the features of bones be used to determine information about a person's gender, ethnicity, age, or stature? correct answer: Skull or pelvis- gender Skulls- best to determine race Humerus/femur- predict height bone fusion in pelvis-age What is gel electrophoresis and how can the results of this technique be interpreted? correct answer: 1. DNA molecules have a negative charge (because of the phosphates). They are attracted to a positive charge. 2. DNA samples are placed in wells within an agarose gel and the DNA is near a negative electrode. 3. electricity is started and the fragments move toward the positive electrode. 4.Smaller bits are lighter and travel faster, so the bits get separated by size. What is the structure and function of DNA? correct answer: In a double helix the sugar is deoxyribose nucleic acid building blocks DNA makes up genes and each gene codes for a protein and each protein determines a trait How does DNA differ from person to person? correct answer: More than 99.9% of the DNA of each person matches the DNA of every other person. Scientists can analyze the small bits that differ to determine who DNA came from, though. What role does DNA play in our identity? correct answer: Only identical twins have 100% identical DNA, so for everyone else our DNA is as unique as our fingerprints. How can tools of molecular biology be used to compare the DNA of two individuals? correct answer: iris scans, voice analysis, fingerprinting, gait measurement, facial recognition, etc. They can be used to protect accounts, keep babies from being taken from the wrong parents