Nursing 490 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

What should you always have on hand in acute resp. distress? Correct Answer Oral airway, oxygen, working suction set up on hand Partial vs more severe obstruction obvious S/S Correct Answer Partial: air hunger, More severe: lead to cyanosis, confusion, unconsciousness Complete: progress rapidly to suffocation and death S/S of severe/ complete obstruction Correct Answer universal choking signal, weak cough that becomes silent, cyanosis above neck, laboured breathing that produces a high pitched noise Causes of airway obstruction related to spasm/ edema? Correct Answer irritants (smoke), viruses or bacteria, trauma or surgery, aspiration, medications S/S of swollen epiglottis Correct Answer crowing sounds (inspiratory stridor), patient's voice becomes muffled, may drool because can't swallow, in severe cases patient becomes cyanotic Interventions for acute epiglottitis Correct Answer reassure patient, call for help and emergency airway equipment, bag patient or apply high-flow oxygen by face mask until they can be intubated Interventions when patient is headed for respiratory failure Correct Answer aggressively support oxygenation until underlying condition is determined and resolved, proved O2 with face make, venti or 100% non-rebreather mask to maintain PaO2 above 60, if hypoxia persists, intubation or mechanical ventilation may be needed s/S of respiratory failure Correct Answer hypoxemia (PaO2 60), restlessness, tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia, confusion, diaphoresis, anxiety, hypercapnia (PaCo2 50), hypertension, iritability, somnolence, cyanosis, LOC, pallor, use of accessory, abnormal breath sounds (crackles, wheezes) Hypoxemia vs hypoxia Correct Answer Hypoxemia: decreased blood oxygen Hypoxia: decreased tissue oxygen. Early signs include restlessness, anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea What does respiratory failure lead to? Correct Answer Buildup of acid in the blood which causes and perpetuates the anxiety from air hunger Common factors precipitating acute respiratory distress Correct Answer Acute infection (pneumonia common), asthma, COPD, heart disease, neuromuscular disease,