Sports nutrition midterm Questions With Complete Solutions

Carbohydrates correct answer: Composed of sugars Sugars are compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Found in many foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables Provide the body with energy(4 kcals/gram) Proteins correct answer: Composed of amino acids (essential and nonessential) Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen Involved in growth and repair of body tissues Provides some energy Found in dairy and various animal meats 4 kcals/gram of energy Fats (Lipids) correct answer: Serve as a concentrated form of energy (9 kcals/grams) Provide structure to body tissues (nerves and cell membranes) Found in foods such as butter, oils, and meats Vitamin classifications correct answer: Water soluble (B and C) Fat soluble (A, D, E, and K) Mineral classifications correct answer: Major (more than 100 mg/day) Minor (less than or equal to 100 mg/day) Minerals correct answer: Micronutrient Composed of elements other than carbon Serve as important structural, electrical, and chemical roles in the body Vitamins correct answer: Micronutrient Composed of carbon and other elements Must be obtained from diet Are found in nearly all food but mainly fruits and vegetables Are essential in at least one vital process Water correct answer: H2O 55-60% of body weight Essential for life (temperature regulation, lubrication, and transport) Enrichment correct answer: Addition of vitamins or minerals Replaces the nutrients that were lost in processing of the food