OB UNT EXAM 1 TEST BANK (CH. 1-4) 2023 UPDATED

OB UNT EXAM 1 TEST BANK (CH. 1-4) 2023 UPDATED ________ refers to evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events. - CORRECT ANSWER-Attitude The statement, "A person who eats meat and then fights for animal rights demonstrates double standards" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an attitude. - CORRECT ANSWER-Cogntive Which of the following statements represents the cognitive component of attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER-This job is giving me an opportunity to explore my skills Abigail Jones is a sales executive at Orbit Bank in Brussels. She is the best performer on her team and often gets the highest number of corporate accounts for the company. However, she feels that she does not get sufficient credit for her hard work. During lunch, she says to her colleague, "I have been getting the largest accounts for the bank for the past eight months. Yet, my manager never acknowledges the kind of effort I put in to get these accounts." Which component of attitude is being demonstrated by Jones? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cognitive component Which of the following is an example of the affective component of an attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER-feeling hurt at being unfairly accused of wrongdoing Johanna Rouse feels disheartened because she was not selected for the campaign exchange program in Amsterdam. Which component of an attitude does Rouse's feeling represent? - CORRECT ANSWER-affective Janice Hartley works as a writer at a fashion magazine in New York. She was recently asked by her editor to write an article on "10 must-haves for the autumn season." Her editor has now sent back the article saying it is not interesting enough to hold the attention of the reader. Janice is upset and disappointed about the feedback. Which component of an attitude is represented in this scenario? - CORRECT ANSWER-affective component Kimberley Mayfield recently evaluated her subordinate's progress report. She now plans to inform her about the objectives she did not achieve and how she can perform better. By doing this, Mayfield will be demonstrating the ________ component of an attitude. - CORRECT ANSWER-behavioral Which of the following statements is an example of the behavioral component of an attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER-I have decided to apply for the position of a compaigner in the climate department Sarah Mayer works as a security officer and is in charge of keeping track of who is in the office at any given time. She notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they go out for meals, which makes it difficult to keep track of attendance of employees. Even though Mayer has repeatedly asked the employees to sign out, they have not followed her advice. She now decides to report the issue to her supervisor. Which of the following components of an attitude is being demonstrated by Mayer? - CORRECT ANSWER-behavioral What are the three components of an attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER-cognitive, affective, behavioral The theory of cognitive dissonance was proposed by ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-Leon Festinger Which of the following does cognitive dissonance indicate between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes? - CORRECT ANSWER-incompatability Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes results in ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-congnitive disonance Julie recently joined a youth center as a counselor who provides support services for teenage mothers. An important part of her job involves referring pregnant teenagers to abortion clinics, should they decide to avail of such services. This aspect of her work, however, conflicts with her religious beliefs. Her manager, Kyle, is aware of this and expects her to submit her resignation at any time, but Julie continues to carry out her duties in a sincere manner and shows no signs of quitting her job. Which of the following best explains this situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Julie has accepted that people have the freedom of choice Sonia works as a lab research assistant at Frost Labs, which conducts trials for cosmetic products such as sprays, dyes, ointments, soaps, and the like. She joined the firm right out of college and has been working there for almost two years now. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument that Sonia is experiencing cognitive dissonance? - CORRECT ANSWER-She believes that that testing products on animals is an unethical practice Sonia works as a lab research assistant at Frost Labs, which conducts trials for cosmetic products such as sprays, dyes, ointments, soaps, and the like. She joined the firm right out of college and has been working there for almost two years now. Which of the following, if true, would weaken the argument that Sonia is experiencing cognitive dissonance? - CORRECT ANSWER-She believes that research and testing are an integral part of providing consumers with safe products Anna Jonas owns a manufacturing firm in Indonesia and strongly believes that it is important that workers' rights be respected. However, because of the recent economic meltdown, she makes the management pay workers a wage which is below ethical standards. In addition, the working conditions are below standards because of low investment in safety equipment. She knows her actions are unethical but continues to do so to avoid major losses. Jonas is most likely to be experiencing ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-cognitive dissonance Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding cognitive dissonance? - CORRECT ANSWER-People are more motivated to reduce dissonance when attitudes are important Joseph Pierce is the managing director of Drake Coal Power Plant in North Yorkshire. He knows that coal is a major contributor to climate change and has made his research team study impacts of coal on the environment. After knowing the facts, he faces a high degree of dissonance between his values and behavior. Which of the following is he most likely to do to reduce the dissonance between his belief and behavior? - CORRECT ANSWER-hire more employees to fill positions in new power plant stations Leon Festinger argued that ________ follow(s) ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-attitudes; behavior Kim Anderson works as a campaign manager at an environmental organization in Ottawa. In the past few months, she has noticed that one team member, Janice Kenneth, has shown a lot of potential as the next project lead. However, Anderson heard from the grapevine that Kenneth may be quitting the job. She now needs to know whether she has the intention to lead the campaign in the next few months, which are crucial months for the campaign. Which of the following questions would best help Anderson understand Kenneth's intention toward the project? - CORRECT ANSWER-Do you see yourself working for us in the next six months? With reference to cognitive dissonance, in which of the following situations is the attitude-behavior relationship most likely to be strong? - CORRECT ANSWER-the attitude refers to something which the person has had direct experience Which of the following is true with regard to moderating variables in attitude relationships? - CORRECT ANSWER-attitudes that our memories can easily access are more likely to predict our behavior Which of the following is most likely to be related to reduced absences and lower resignation rates? - CORRECT ANSWER-high job involvement ________ refers to a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics. - CORRECT ANSWER-job satidfaction Which of the following statements represents a person's job attitude? - CORRECT ANSWER-I enjoy my work because it offers mt challenges and helps me hone my networking skills Which of the following actions best represents Kelly's high job involvement? - CORRECT ANSWER-Kelly actively takes part in team activities and productively take up additional job responsibilities High levels of both job involvement and psychological empowerment are positively related to ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-organizational citizenship Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their jobs, and their perceived autonomy is termed as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-psychological empowerment The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is referred to as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-job involvement In her work in the publishing industry, Vera Loranzo seeks out new authors who she considers promising. In the past two years, she has found a number of new writers whose work she thought was exceptional and immersed herself in the task of helping them shape their manuscripts for submission to her managers for publishing. Although she was extremely proud of the results, none of the authors she worked with were chosen for publication. After learning about her management's decision, she is extremely frustrated and is beginning to resent the job she does. However, she knows there is nothing she can do and continues working because of the good perks and salary benefits the job offers. How can Loranzo's job attitude be best described? - CORRECT ANSWER-low job satisfaction Ben has been working as a process executive at an accounting firm for the past two years. A hard worker, his work is of good quality and he often puts in extra hours at the office to ensure his schedules are on track. Noticing his efforts, the management offers him a 20 percent hike. Two months later, Ben submits his resignation and soon joins a startup organization, at a senior position. Which of the following best explains this situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-ben found hid work routine to be routine and monotonous Which of the following questions best helps understand an employee's organizational commitment? - CORRECT ANSWER-Do you believe in the organizations objective on sustainable work practices? Organizational commitment is defined as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-the degree to which employees identify with the organization they work for and its goals The human resource department of Healthy Eating, a chain of health food stores, recently conducted a survey to analyze employee commitment. Which of the following statements is most likely to indicate a high degree of organizational commitment? - CORRECT ANSWER-I am a great believer in the importance of a healthy diet and this is why i am glad to be working for a company that is trying to make simple, healthy food available to all ________ is the degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. - CORRECT ANSWER-Perceived organizational support Which of the following questions best helps understand the degree of perceived organizational support among employees? - CORRECT ANSWER-Do you feel the organization has sufficient recognition rewards to value good work? Lillian Stintson works for a global women's rights organization. In the past few months, she has traveled across the globe for the campaign she was working on. In addition, she has been working weekends to meet campaign milestones. She has now decided to take a month's holiday to relax and get a much-needed break. She knows that the organization will understand her need for a long holiday. Which of the following best represents Stintson's feeling? - CORRECT ANSWER-high perceived organizational support Employees are most likely to perceive their organization as supportive when ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-they have a voice in decisions Antonio Guillermo's wife was recently diagnosed with breast cancer. Guillermo had to take a considerable amount of time off work to care for their children, and he was late in completing his portion of a large project. Guillermo never feared that his job was in jeopardy because of his absences or his delay in completion of work. Name the major job attitude associated with this example. - CORRECT ANSWER-perceived organizational support Bryan Eusebius has a positive attitude toward his organization. He feels the management treats all employees fairly in matters concerning rewards, is understanding toward their needs and requirements, and allows them to have a voice in decisions. Bryan's attitude toward his organization is indicative of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-perceived organizational support An individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he/she performs is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-employee engagement Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of disengaged employees? - CORRECT ANSWER-they put in time but no attention to their work The human resource department of Palmer Inc. is aiming to understand the degree of employee engagement in the organization. Which of the following statements would best help them in the process? - CORRECT ANSWER-Do you enjoy your everyday tasks and achieving your project milestones? Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about the major job attitudes? - CORRECT ANSWER-They tend to overlap one another The business head at Solaris Services was alarmed by the finding of a recent survey conducted in-house which revealed that most employees were dissatisfied with their work. He holds a meeting with various department heads to identify ways to stem the brewing discontent. One manager suggests providing employees with greater training opportunities. What assumption is the manager making? - CORRECT ANSWER-Employees feel that their employer does not value them enough to make investments in them Which of the following statements is true about measuring job satisfaction? - CORRECT ANSWER-the single global rating system is not very time consuming Which of the following is true about the correlation between salary and job satisfaction? - CORRECT ANSWER-pay does not play a critical role in job satisfaction when an individual reaches a level of comfortable living In Indonesia, comfortable living occurs at about $30,000. Based on the measurement of comfortable living, which of the following is most likely to be true? - CORRECT ANSWER-people earning below $30,000 experience a positive correlation between pay and job satisfaction Charles, Anna, Elle, and Adam are college friends and work in New York City. Comfortable living in New York occurs at about $40,000 a year. Charles makes $24,000 a year, Anna makes $30,000 a year, Elle makes $50,000 a year, and Adam makes $75,000 a year. Which of the following is most likely to be true with reference to correlation between pay and job satisfaction? - CORRECT ANSWER-Charles and Anna have the same level of job satisfaction in relation to their pay Dennis Galvan works as a campaigner at Green Earth, an environmental organization. Every month, his organization arranges a team outing where they indulge in football and other team-building activities. The human resource department ensures that there are regular interactions between employees through team dinners and cultural events. According to the information given in this case, which of the following is most likely to be the reason for Galvan's high level of satisfaction toward his job? - CORRECT ANSWER-social context Christina Hutchins was recently recruited by a publishing firm in Manhattan. During her first month on the job, she demonstrated positive core self-evaluations. Which of the following did she most likely do? - CORRECT ANSWER-mentioned she was confident about her basic competence Employees with positive core self-evaluations believe in their inner worth and basic competence and are more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative core self-evaluations. The concept of positive core self-evaluations indicates that ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-personality plays a role in job satisfaction The exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework aids in understanding the consequences of ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-dissatisfaction The ________ response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some forms of union activity. - CORRECT ANSWER-voice Henry Hutchins is discontent with his job but believes that his supervisor is a good man who will do whatever is necessary to reduce his dissatisfaction with the job. He has decided to just wait and give his supervisor some time until conditions improve. Henry's response to this problem is termed as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-loyalty Susan Daniels works for an event management company and is discontent with her job because she was passed over for a promotion. She has now composed a list of concerns and plans to discuss the issue with her supervisor. Daniels' response to the problem is referred to as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-voice Maria Womack works for a bank in Michigan and