Multi-Subject Teachers of Childhood (Grades 1-6) (221)(solved&updated)

Affixes parts added to the beginning (prefix) or end (suffix) of a root word to create new words. Prefix a syllable or word that comes before a root word to change its meaning Root word The base word you start with before adding prefixes or suffixes Suffix a syllable found at the end of some words (-ing, -ment, -en, -ient, etc.) Four types of commonly used context clues Synonyms- A word with the same meaning as the unknown word is placed close by for comparison (mistake and error) Antonyms- A word with the opposite meaning as the unknown word is placed closed by for contrast Explanations- An obvious explanation is given close to the unknown word Examples- Examples of what the word means are given to help the reader define the term What is the point of reading? To comprehend what someone else is trying to say through writing. When does comprehension start? When the student has the vocabulary and reading skills necessary to make sense of the whole picture, not just individual words. How to help with comprehension? To help with comprehension teachers can teach students to pre-read titles, sidebars, looking at illustrations, predicting what's going to happen in the story, connecting to background knowledge, and relating to the experiences or feelings of the characters. -Can model comprehension skills in a read-aloud like "what is happening here?" and "how do you think the character feels?". Literal vs Critical comprehension Literal Comprehension- is the skills a reader uses to deal with actual words in a text Critical Comprehension- involves analysis of meaning, evaluation, questioning, and reasoning skills to understand the text Adjective the words that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun (green apple) Adverb the word that modifies a verb (instantly reviewed), adjective (relatively odd) or another adverb (rather suspiciously) Conjunctions words used to join words, phrases, or clauses (and, if/then, because, for, but, since, nether/nor) Nouns person, place, thing, or idea Preposition A word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word (above, by, for, out and to) Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun (she, he, it, they) Verb Action Syntax Sentence structure Alliteration the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words (Chirp, chirp) Assonance Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity (the quiet bird cried) Onomatopoeia A word that imitates sound (hiss, burp, rattle, pop) Simile A comparison using "like" or "as" Metaphor A comparison without using like or as Synecdoche A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole ("boots on the ground" to stand for solders in a field Metonymy substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it (using "crown" to stand for queen) Bathos Trying to evoke pity, sorrow, or nobility that goes overboard and becomes ridiculous Malapropism When you get two words that sound the same mixed up (cliff dweller instead of cliffhanger) Beginning stages of writing -Drawing pictures (even messy ones) -Scribble stages begins when the child starts to draw shapes -Writing their names -Writing the alphabet and learning about sounds -Correct beginning and ending to words Four theories of language development Learning approach Linguistic approach Cognitive approach Sociocognitive approach Learning approach This theory assumes that language first learned by imitating that speech of adults. It it then solidified in school through drills about the rules of language structures. Linguistic approach Championed by Noam Chomsky in 1950's, this theory proposes that the ability to use a language is innate. This is a biological approach rather than one based on cognition or social patterning