Genetics exam 1 Disjunction ANSWER : the separation of chromosomes during

Disjunction ANSWER : the separation of chromosomes during the anaphase stage of cell division Non-disjunction ANSWER : Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate. Aneuploid ANSWER : Abnormal number of chromosomes. Phenotype ANSWER : An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits. Meiosis ANSWER : •Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms •The process of cell division in gametogenesis or sporogenesis during which the diploid number of chromosomes is reduced to the haploid number. Mitosis ANSWER : A form of cell division producing two progeny cells identical genetically to the parental cellthat is, the production of two cells from one, each having the same chromosome complement as the parent cell. gameotogenesis ANSWER : process by which gametes are produced through the combination of meiosis and other maturational changes Zygonema ANSWER : Synapsis Each pair of homologous chromosomes is known as bivalent Diplonema ANSWER : stage in prophase I of meiosis during which synaptonemal complex disassembles and homologous chromosomes begin to move apart Pachynema ANSWER : The stage in prophase I of meiosis during which the homologous pairs of chromosomes undergo crossing-over Chiasma ANSWER : site of crossing over Cytokinesis ANSWER : Division of the cytoplasm during cell division Centromere ANSWER : Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach (middle) Telomere ANSWER : End of chromosome acrocentric ANSWER : centromere close to end telocentric ANSWER : the centromere is at or very near the end of the chromosome