RIM 1020 EXAM 3 2023 Q & A 100% CORRECT

RIM 1020 EXAM 3 2023 Q & A 100% CORRECT Complete fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Fracture where the break is across the entire width of the bone. Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER-Class of medications that inhibits bone healing. Skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER-Type of traction that involves the insertion of pins or wires into the bone. compartment syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Complication of a fracture where there is an increase in pressure within a limited space leading to vascular insufficiency. compartment syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-involves the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles Osteoarthritis - CORRECT ANSWER-Progressive deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints. Heberdens nodes - CORRECT ANSWER-Bony nodules at the distal interphalangeal joints. Bouchards nodes - CORRECT ANSWER-Bony nodules in the proximal inter phalangeal joints? 24 to 72 hours - CORRECT ANSWER-Amount of time after application of a cast before weight bearing is allowed. Fat embolism syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Presence of systemic fat globules from fractures that are distributed into tissues and organs after a traumatic skeletal injury. Idiopathic and secondary - CORRECT ANSWER-The two types of osteoarthritis. idiopathic and secondary cause for OA - CORRECT ANSWER-idiopathic is for women, secondary caused by trauma or event that caused cartilage damage affects men more than women 3 grams - CORRECT ANSWER-Maximum amount of acetaminophen to be taken in a 24 hour period for chronic pain management. signs of hip dislocation - CORRECT ANSWER-Severe hip pain, shortening of the affected leg, and leg rotation. anticoagulants (warfarin, enoxaparin) and Factor Xa inhibitors (fondaparinux) - CORRECT ANSWER-Medications used to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE). 6 Ps of compartment syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-pain, pressure, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, and paralysis inflammatory reparative and remodeling - CORRECT ANSWER-3 stages of bone healing Hip fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Very common musculoskeletal injury in older adults. Adduction - CORRECT ANSWER-Position to be avoided in a patient who has a hip fracture. Adduction - CORRECT ANSWER-Movement toward the midline of the body skin traction - CORRECT ANSWER-Bucks Traction is an example of this type of traction, where weight is limited to 5-7 pounds. total joint arthroplasty - CORRECT ANSWER-The surgical creation of a joint. immobilize - CORRECT ANSWER-This should be done if a fracture is suspected. open or compound fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Fracture characterized by a break in the skin over the fracture site causing an external wound. fatigue or stress fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Fracture that occurs from excessive strain or stress on the bone. Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) - CORRECT ANSWER-The correction of bone alignment through a surgical incision, including the use of wires, screws, pins, plates, or rods to hold bone fragments together. closed reduction - CORRECT ANSWER-Nonsurgical, manual realignment of bone fragments. immobility - CORRECT ANSWER-Skin breakdown, pneumonia, atelectasis, thromboembolism, constipation. These are complications of Fractures - CORRECT ANSWER-Pain, edema, deformity, decreased function, inability to bear weight, ecchymosis. What are clinical manifestations of Reactive Phase - CORRECT ANSWER-Lots of bleeding and blood clot at the injury inflammatory phase - CORRECT ANSWER-the initial phase of wound healing in which bleeding is reduced as blood vessels in the affected area constrict. Hematoma formation reparative phase - CORRECT ANSWER-includes formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus first and a bony callus second remodeling phase - CORRECT ANSWER-The remodeling phase completes the wound healing process and often takes several years. Beginning and overlapping with the proliferation phase, remodeling works to form and lyse collagen within a scar to help increase strength and skin integrity. It is during this phase that the initial 15%-strength scar eventually regains 80% of the skin's original strength. During the remodeling phase, scar tissue changes in appearance. In light-skinned individuals, the scar's color changes from pink or red to a white color as vascular changes occur. The diminished need for additional worker cells to repair the site reduces the need for additional vascular support. Scar tissue also becomes more flexible as it ages. Delayed union fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-prolongation of expected healing time for a fracture non union fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Bone fails to grow back together; usually occurs over 6 months. Hard callous never forms. Fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Assess all major body systems for life- threatening complications Localized moderate to severe pain Visible fracture on x-ray Decreased functioning Gaurded extemity Inability to bear weight or use Guards against movement Change in bone alignment Edema Numbness Ecchymosis Immobilize if you suspect fracture!! Imaging: x-rays, CT scan, MRI These are clinical manifestations of a Emergency care - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary objectives- immobilize and prevent infection Inspect areas while supporting above & below the injury Remove clothing & jewelry in area Apply direct pressure to control bleeding Keep patient warm & in supine position Pain management- always assess first ASsessment Check neurovascular status of area distal to the injury. Compare with unaffected extremity Immobilize the extremity splint including joints above & below fracture site Recheck circulation after splinting Apply dressings to open areas. Nursing Care Goals - CORRECT ANSWER-Manage pain Maintain proper alignment Promote mobility Monitor neurovascular status Prevent infection Prevent complications Rehabilitation to restore normal or near- normal function Neurovascular assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-When taking care of a patient with a fracture what assessment is very important and should be done frequently? Plaster cast - CORRECT ANSWER-Stockinette & padding Wet plaster roils applied, sets in 15 min Need 24-72 hours to air dry Use palms Repositionq 1-2 hrs Elevate use only cloth covered pillows Assess neurovascular status- Window to take pulses, wound care Bivalve -to relieve pressure Casts - CORRECT ANSWER-Infection, Circulation impairment, peripheral nerve damage, complications of immobility, muscle atrophy, OA, OP These are complications of Test to confirm fractures - CORRECT ANSWER-Xray mri ct scan compartment syndrome - C