Math 202 : Probability and Statistics Final Test Prep Questions With Complete Solutions

Statistical Significance correct answer: When your discovered p-value is less than your alpha (.05 if not given). States that chance alone would rarely produce an equally extreme result. Non-Response Bias correct answer: A bias caused by a number of people who did not respond to the survey. p-Value correct answer: The probability of getting a result at least as extreme as the result given from the test. The lower the value the stronger the evidence. Empirical rule correct answer: States that, in a normal distribution, about 68% of the terms are within one standard deviation of the mean, about 95% are within two standard deviations, and about 99.7% are within three standard deviations (normal curve). Lurking Variable correct answer: A variable other than x and y that simultaneously affects both variables, accounting for the correlation between the two. Null Hypothesis correct answer: The hypothesis that states there is no difference between two or more sets of data in a significance test. Quota Sample correct answer: A sample deliberately constructed to reflect several of the major characteristics of a given population. Probability correct answer: The likelihood that a particular event will occur. Descriptive Statistics correct answer: Statistical procedures used to describe characteristics and responses of groups of subjects.