NYSTCE ELA CST Practice test latest 2023

NYSTCE ELA CST Misplaced modifier - a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., 'when young' in 'when young, circuses appeal to all of us' assonance - the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words parallel structure - the repetition of phrases, clauses, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure dissonance - Harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds Perlocution - The effects of something said. (I say, "it's hot" and someone opens a window). blank verse - unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter) iambic pentemeter - lines that ideally have five stressed and five unstressed syllables logos - an appeal based on logic or reason pathos - quality in drama, speech, literature, music, or events that arouses a feeling of pity or sadness ethos - The appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or narrator topos - suggests settings, characters, and themes that appear and reappear in literature. Flood, for instance, is a common theme in literature enjambments - When a line continues into the next without punctuation or break meters - organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses apostrophes - someone, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is directly addressed as though present perfect rhyme - Rhymes involving sound that are exactly the same (ex: love, dove) slant rhyme - rhyme in which the vowel sounds are nearly, but not exactly the same (i.e. the words "stress" and "kiss"); sometimes called half-rhyme, near rhyme, or partial rhyme prosaic style - having characteristics of a prose narrative, as opposed to poetical style and structure. morpheme - in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) syllogism - a three-part deductive argument in which a conclusion is based on a major premise and a minor premise ("All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal.") trochaic hexameter - (stressed, unstressed) x 6