MMSC420 EXAM 2 (with 100% Correct Solutions)

Roles of complement system correct answers - direct lysis of cells, bacteria and enveloped viruses -assist with opsonization to facilitate phagocytosis -produce peptide fragment split products which can mediate inflammatory and immune responses classical pathway correct answers -a series of proteins called factors amplifies the immune response -factors circulate in inactive forms -upon activation they attach in an exact sequence CP recognition correct answers (C1= C1q-C1r-C1s) CP enzymatic activity correct answers (C2-C4--C4b2a + C3) -C3 degrades into C3b and C3d CP membrane attack correct answers C5 draws in C6, C7, C8, C9 -end result is destruction of the membrane at the site of activation= CELL LYSIS The complement system activated by a pathway... classical pathway correct answers -Ag-Ab complex (C1-C4-C2-C3-C5-- C9 -requires calcium -requires 2 or more IgG molecules or 1 IgM molecule detection of complement bound to the RBC membrane correct answers -in vivo vs in vitro (anti-C3bC3d) (receptor Fc portion attaches to complement) -specimen- red top tube calcium- EDTA chelates Ca++ Alternate pathway correct answers -contact with a surface such as a polysaccharide coating of a bacteria (C3-C5-- C9) Lectin pathway correct answers -activated by the previously activated component or complex -membrane attack complex is the same for both- the binding of C3b is the pivotal stage of the pathway -C3b is cleaved to C3d- which is detected in anti-complement reagents Why complement system important in BB correct answers -hemolytic reactions can cause death -poor therapeutic response effects of complement activation correct answers -cytolysis or hemolysis -cell activation -opsonization (makes cells easier to phagocytize) Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) questions to ask correct answers -decreased red cell survival?