MMSC 423 Exam 1 (with Complete Solutions)

hematology correct answers the study of blood cells (RBCs, WBCs, Platelets) and the blood forming tissues in both the healthy and pathological states -monitored by qualitative and quantitative evaluations of formed elements of blood -many different disease states can be encountered buffy coat correct answers the white layer of WBCs and platelets that accumulate at the middle of separated non-clotted blood -accounts for 1% of blood's content -is present between the plasma and RBC layers -if this layer is large it may indicate leukemia blood separation layers correct answers unclotted blood (collected with anticoagulant) is allowed to sit and separate, or is centrifuged and the cells and components separate out by density -top: plasma (55% of blood's content), least dense -middle: buffy coat (WBCs and platelets, 1% of blood), middle density -bottom: RBCs (45% of blood content), most dense homeostasis correct answers cellular, chemical and fluid elements of blood in constant excahnge to maintain the balance between supply and demand -high demand for certain cell type can occur due to loss, consumption or degradation of that cell type -body responds to this by compensatory hyperplasia (increased growth) of that cell type in the bone marrow and brings body back to homeostasis -body maintains homeostasis by using hemostasis to stop hemorrhaging -vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion, coagulation, and fibrinolysis are all used to help maintain homeostasis formed elements of blood correct answers -WBCs -RBCs -platelets elements of plasma correct answers -water: most abundant component -proteins: e.g. haptoglobin, hemopexin -antibodies (immunoglobulins) -lipids: cholesterol, triglycerides -carbohydrates: glucose -electrolytes: K+, Cl- -enzymes: serine proteases, transglutaminases -vitamins: vitamin E -hormones -trace metals or drugs plasma correct answers fluid that is obtained when anticoagulated blood (e.g. obtained in purple top w/ EDTA, etc.) is centrifuged