SATA Exam 1 2023 with Complete Solutions

0) What should be the diet for patient with nephrotic syndrome? (SATA) - ANSWER-Low Na, low protein, and high carbs A patient who is having hemodialysis with a right upper arm's insertion site. Which intervention should be implied for this patient's care? (SATA): - ANSWER-+ Taking BP on left arm only, access the insertion site for infection, and monitor I/O What are complications of nephrotic syndrome? (SATA) - ANSWER-+ hypertensive encephalopathy, s/s of anemia, and hyperlipidemia What are causes of chronic kidney disease (SATA): - ANSWER-+ Alcoholism, diabetic, and chronic glomarularitis During assessment of the patient with protein-calorie malnutrition, what should the nurse expect to find (select all that apply)? a. Frequent cold symptoms b. Decreased bowel sounds c. Cool, rough, dry, scaly skin d. A flat or concave abdomen e. Prominent bony structures f. Decreased reflexes and lack of attention - ANSWER-Correct answer: a, b, c, e, f Rationale: In malnutrition, metabolic processes are slowed, leading to increased sensitivity to cold, decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO), and decreased neurologic function. Because of slowed GI motility and absorption, the abdomen becomes distended and protruding and bowel sounds are decreased. Skin is rough, dry, and scaly whereas bone structures protrude because of muscle loss. Because the immune system is weakened, susceptibility to respiratory infections is increased. The stable patient has a gastrostomy tube for enteral feeding. Which care could the RN delegate to the LPN (select all that apply)? a. Administer bolus or continuous feedings. b. Evaluate the nutritional status of the patient. c. Administer medications through the gastrostomy tube d. Monitor for complications related to the tube and enteral feeding .e. Teach the caregiver about feeding via the gastrostomy tube at home. - ANSWER-correct answer: a, c Rationale: For the stable patient, the LPN can administer bolus or continuous feedings and administer medications through the gastrostomy. The RN must evaluate the nutritional status of the patient, monitor for complications related to the tube and the enteral feeding, and teach the caregiver about feeding via the gastrostomy tube at home.