VI EE TEST1|2023/24 UPDATE|GRADED A+

Which of the following most likely represents a patient having respiratory arrest? The pupils are dilated in a few seconds The patient is having a seizure The patient has a short pulse rate that weakens before stopping The patient has a loss of pulse with no prior weakening Correct Answer: The patient has a short pulse rate that weakens before stopping Signs of respiratory arrest may include (a) the patient is unable to respond, (b) the patient has a pulse for a short period of time that quickly becomes weak before the pulse rate stops beating, (c) the patient's chest shows no movement and (d) air does not escape from the patient's mouth. The remaining answer choices are common signs for a patient having cardiac arrest. Angioplasties are considered a percutaneous procedure, meaning they are performed how? By puncture through the skin. Surgically implanted. Through a scope. By mouth or means of swallowing. Correct answer: By puncture through the skin An angioplasty is a medical procedure used in major blood vessels to help counteract constriction and thin out debris. It is started with a percutaneous puncture with a needle through the skin and is worked into the targeted vessel. All percutaneous angiographic procedures begin with: a guidewire a catheter an entry needle a sheath Correct Answer: an entry needle All percutaneous angiographic procedures begin with an entry needle. There is a great variety in vascular access needles, but all have a central channel for introduction of a guidewire. Which of the following guidelines regarding the use of a coil as an embolic agent is least appropriate? Match the diameter of the coil wire to the catheter lumen. The final diameter of the coil should be the same as the target vessel. Gentle forward pressure on the catheter helps the coil to "pack" Platinum coils are softer and easier to see than steel coils. Correct Answer: The final diameter of the coil should be the same as the target vessel. The final diameter of the coil should be 20 to 30% larger than the target vessel; not the same size. Coils can be injected with 1-3 mL Luer-lock syringes. Flush gently after coil placement or contrast injections. A device that is used to deliver a bolus of contrast medium to a specific site during angiography or other radiological procedures is known as which of the following? Catheter. Port. Stent. Line. Correct Answer: Catheter A catheter is a device used to deliver a bolus of contrast medium to a specific site. Various kinds of catheters are used in different procedures, and awareness of the different types and their uses is vital for radiology professionals. There are a large number of embolic agents, with varying physical properties, methods of delivery, and permanence. The embolic agent that is supplied in small sterile bricks or a fine powder, is compressible, and is absorbed over a period of 4-6 weeks is which of the following? autologous clot vascular plug gelfoam polyvinyl alcohol Correct Answer: gelfoam Gelfoam was one of the earliest embolics and remains among the most versatile. The substance is compressible and absorbable over 4-6 weeks. The brick can be cut to the size needed to occlude the vessel of interest, compressed to fit through a catheter, and then injected into the vessel where it will expand to a larger size than when dry. The access indicated only when the thoracic veins and the infrarenal inferior vena cava are occluded is which of the following? subclavian vein upper extremity veins transhepatic access translumbar access Correct Answer: transhepatic access Transhepatic access is indicated only when the thoracic veins and the infrarenal IVC are occluded. This technique is most often used for an intervention rather than a diagnostic procedure. Peripherally inserted central catheter line placement guidelines would include all of the following EXCEPT: surgical arm prep basilic or cephalic vein preferred access vein with micropuncture needle tip of catheter should be in low left atrium Correct Answer: tip of catheter should be in low left atrium You must determine the appropriate intravascular length of the catheter. The tip should be, not in the low left atrium, but in the high right atrium. A peel-away sheath should be used advancing the catheter through the sheath.