Joint Movements → Ball and socket joint
Shoulder
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Scapula and humerus
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist
Sagittal plane Flexion Anterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Transverse axis
Extension Latissimus dorsi Anterior deltoid
Frontal plane Abduction Lateral deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Sagittal axis Posterior deltoid
Adduction Latissimus dorsi Lateral deltoid
Posterior deltoid
Transverse plane Horizontal Latissimus dorsi Pectorals
Longitudinal axis abduction
Horizontal Pectoral Latissimus dorsi
adduction
Hip
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Femur and pelvis
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist
Sagittal plane Flexion Gluteals Hip flexors
Transverse axis
Extension Hip flexors Gluteals
Frontal plane Abduction Gluteus medius / Adductors (brevis,
Sagittal axis minimus longus, magnus)
Adduction Adductors (brevis, Gluteus medius /
longus, magnus) minimus
Transverse plane Horizontal Gluteus medius / Adductors
Longitudinal axis abduction minimus b/l/m
Horizontal Adductors Gluteus medius /
adduction b/l/m minimus
Shoulder
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Scapula and humerus
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist
Sagittal plane Flexion Anterior deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Transverse axis
Extension Latissimus dorsi Anterior deltoid
Frontal plane Abduction Lateral deltoid Latissimus dorsi
Sagittal axis Posterior deltoid
Adduction Latissimus dorsi Lateral deltoid
Posterior deltoid
Transverse plane Horizontal Latissimus dorsi Pectorals
Longitudinal axis abduction
Horizontal Pectoral Latissimus dorsi
adduction
Hip
Type: Ball and socket
Articulating bones: Femur and pelvis
Plane / axis Joint action Agonist Antagonist
Sagittal plane Flexion Gluteals Hip flexors
Transverse axis
Extension Hip flexors Gluteals
Frontal plane Abduction Gluteus medius / Adductors (brevis,
Sagittal axis minimus longus, magnus)
Adduction Adductors (brevis, Gluteus medius /
longus, magnus) minimus
Transverse plane Horizontal Gluteus medius / Adductors
Longitudinal axis abduction minimus b/l/m
Horizontal Adductors Gluteus medius /
adduction b/l/m minimus