WGU C963 OA Questions with Correct Solutions Graded To Pass

Powers under the Articles of Confederation 1. Could exchange Ambassadors 2. Make treaties with foreign governments and Indian Tribes 3. Declare War 4. Borrow Money 5. Settle disputes among States Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation no power to tax, President lacked power, no money to buy ships no money pay soldiers no national judiciary New Jersey Plan William Paterson Three Branches of Government The states had the power Every state had one vote one chamber legislature, unicameral Supremacy clause "Law of the Land" Virginia Plan James Madison Three Branches of government Two-chamber in a legislative Bicameral legislature: House: elected by the people Senate: appointed by the legislature Votes based on population Could tax, regulate trade, veto down state laws, create an army The Great Compromises 1. combined the two ideas from the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey plan. 2. The 3/5 slavery ruling 3. Slave owners could reclaim their slaves in states where they had fled. 4. Slaves could only be freed if they were born in the US and was over the age of 28 Articles of Confederation with a Congress 1. representation based on the population 2. the the weak national government and a strong states Federalists supporters of the Constitution Anti-Federalists people who opposed the Constitution Federalist Paper #10 Written by James Madison to convince people to support the ratification of the constitution. Argued that factions were inevitable but were best controlled by a large republic that employed a Federalist structure. Argued that competition among factions would limit their negative impacts. Federalist Paper # 51 •Written by James Madison •Defines the relationship among the three branches of government as independent. •To stay independent, no branch should have total power to choose members of the other branches •By creating a bicameral legislature, it protects the people from legislative tyranny •Explains that each branch of government should be selected in different ways What was a major difference between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution? The Articles of Confederation did not provide for a national judiciary. Why did the framers design the government under the Articles of Confederation with a Congress? They wanted a government based on the representation of the population. implied powers Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution Examples of implied powers Establishing a national bank, creating the IRS, establishing a military draft, raising the min wage enumerated powers The powers explicitly given to Congress in the Constitution. Examples of enumerated powers -declare war & raise army & navy -create rules on how to become citizen -regulate trade b/t states & countries -coin $ -protect patents & copyrights -create lower federal courts -est. post offices inherent powers is the power that congress and the president need in order to get the job done Examples of inherent powers Regulating immigration, acquiring territory, granting diplomatic recognition to other states concurrent powers Powers held jointly by the national and state governments. examples of concurrent power Impose Taxes, Borrow Money, Establish Lower Courts expressed powers powers directly stated in the constitution examples of expressed powers make treaties, coin money, declare war, grant copyrights and patents reserved powers powers that the Constitution does not give to the national government that are kept by the states examples of reserved powers - police power - promote safety, morals and health - Criminal justice, use of public land and water, marriage/divorce - education, roads, welfare How does a bill become a law? If a bill has passed in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and has been approved by the President, or if a presidential veto has been overridden, the bill becomes a law and is enforced by the government. standing committee a permanent committee that meets regularly. select committee a small legislative committee appointed for a special purpose. joint committee legislative committee composed of members of both houses conference committee special joint committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the House and Senate Rule Committee A standing committee of the House of Representatives that provides special rules under which specific bills can be debated, amended, and considered by the house. appropriations committees Decide how to spend money allocated to each spending category by Budget Resolution; 12 subcommittees for major areas of budget (ex. defense, energy, agriculture); major source of earmarking Budget Committee House & Senate standing committees that begins budget process in Congress by setting overall budget size and amounts that will be spent on different topics (ex. defense, education) electrol college A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president. 1. candidate who wins the popular vote in the state gets two electoral votes r of each congressional district also receives an electoral vote