Chronic Kidney Disease HESI Case Study Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.

Meet the Client - Judy HarrisonJudy Harrison is a 38-year-old African American female with a long history of diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypertension. She has experienced renal insufficiency for the last two years. Her current medications include an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a diuretic, and an oral hypoglycemic agent. She reports to the nurse at the clinic that she has lost her appetite and is very fatigued. She adds that she has to get up to go to the bathroom several times during the night and has trouble catching her breath at times. Her current weight is 114 lbs (51.7 kg). She is scheduled for diagnostic studies to evaluate for the onset of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Etiology - End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the last stage in the progressive clinical syndrome called chronic kidney disease (CKD). 1. Which explanation by the nurse is an accurate description of CKD? a. Symptoms are reversible with life long medication. b. The condition has a rapid onset with frequent remissions. c. It is a fatal disorder unless renal replacement therapy is received. d. There are frequent exacerbations since half of all nephrons are damaged. - "It is a fatal disorder unless renal replacement therapy is received." CKD is fatal unless some form of renal replacement therapy (dialysis or organ transplantation) is done, whereas acute renal failure has a good prognosis for the return of kidney function if appropriate supportive care is provided during the acute period. CKD is a disorder with a complex etiology involving many interrelated factors. - Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for renal failure. 2. What additional information in Judy's history may be related to the onset of ESRD? Select all that apply. a. Female gender.b. Hypertension. c. Hysterectomy at age 35. d. Polycystic Kidney Disease. e. African American ethnicity. - "Hypertension."