NURS 220 Pathophysiology Questions & Answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+

NURS 220 Pathophysiology Questions & Answers, 100% Accurate. Graded A+ Define and give an example of the following: a. etiology b. incidence c. precipitating factor d. complication e. prognosis f. iatrogenic g. sequelae - -a. Etiology—concerns the causative factors in a particular disease b. Incidence—the number of new cases of a disease in a given population noted within a stated time period c. Precipitating factor—a condition that triggers onset or exacerbation of disease d. Complication—new secondary or additional problems that arise after the original disease begins e. Prognosis—the probability of specific outcomes f. Iatrogenic—refers to a disease caused by the actions of a health care worker, including treatment, diagnosis, or failure to recognize complications Differentiate between the terms metaplasia and malignant neoplasm. - -Metaplasia—occurs when one mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type that is functional. Malignant neoplasms are referred to as cancer and involve dysplastic tissues. Describe the changes in a cell that lead to the following: a. loss of function b. necrosis - -Loss of function is preceded by changes in cell metabolism because of changes in structure and function. Necrosis is the death of groups of cells caused by processes such as cells being liquefied by certain enzymes (liquefaction necrosis), cell proteins being altered or denatured (coagulative necrosis), breakdown of fats by enzymes (fat necrosis), or formation of a thick "cheesy" substance that later leads to liquefaction (caseous necrosis). Define the following terms: a. apoptosis b. gangrene - -Apoptosis—programmed cell death Gangrene—an area of ischemic and necrotic tissue that has been invaded by bacteria CJ is having surgery next week to remove a malignant breast tumor, following discovery of a lump in the breast and a biopsy. Her mother and aunt have had breast cancer. CJ is taking medication for high blood pressure. Match the significant information in the preceding question to the appropriate term: diagnosis, medical history, etiology, prognosis, benign neoplasm, iatrogenic, signs, complication, treatment, cancer, and examination of living tissue. Some terms may not be used or may be used more than once. - -Malignant breast tumor and high blood pressure—diagnosis High blood pressure and family cancer—medical history Medication—treatment Surgery—treatment and diagnosis Biopsy—examination of living tissue Describe appropriate guidelines for a healthy diet for an older individual. - -The diet should be well-balanced and provide adequate amounts