EXCAVATION QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

EXCAVATION QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS When back filling against the building, what type of soil should you use near the surface to allow for the best drainage away from the building? clay cap What type of material allows for the best drainage? pea pebbles Excavations for footings must extend into undisturbed soil a minimum of: 6 inches What is the first step that an excavator should take to correct a water problem on an existing building? grade soil so that it slopes away from the building Which of the following statements is or are true? footing drains should be made of a porous tile laid with open joints (covered with strips of felt paper) in a gravel bed When excavating, what type of material would require shallow or tapered side walls? sand Which of the following materials would provide the most stable earth wall or bank? clay loam The best way to compact sand is: vibration How many cubic feet of dirt are in one cubic yard? 27 How many cubic inches of dirt are in one cubic yard of dirt? 46656 When back filling, which of the following materials would be the easiest to use? sandy loam How should the excavator remove excess soil from beneath a buried electrical line? hand shovel How does the excavator determine the lines for a driveway? he follows the string attached to stakes or stakes marking the drive area A ground surface inclination expressed as a ratio of horizontal distance to vertical distance is called slope A deposit of earth material placed by artificial means is called fill How far back from the edge of an excavated hole must an operator place excavated soil? minimum of 2 feet If an excavation is more than _____________, an adequate protective system from cave-ins must be utilized 5 feet deep Grading is changing the earth surface by either excavating or filling or a combination of both. True The stage at which the grade approximately conforms to approved plans is called: rough grade All structural fills shall be compacted to a minimum of ________________ of maximum density 95% Before filling, the ground must be prepared to receive fill. An example of this would be: removing vegetation, non-complying fill and topsoil What instrument can be used to measure both horizontal planes and vertical plumb lines on a jobsite? transit In constricted spaces where compaction is difficult, a contractor should use _____________________to prevent unwanted settling Flowable fill It is important to remove wood formwork prior to backfilling. This will prevent: Settling of the footing on adjacent ground (B) Holding moisture against the concrete (C) Unpleasant smells from rotting wood Site vision GPS systems are installed on bulldozers to help establish : Final grade Cohesive soils (clays) are best compacted by: Impact force (rammer) When compacting soils, soils should be compacted in ____________________ of 6 inches. This will provide for proper compaction through all levels. lifts Three methods of preparing an excavated hole to prevent cave-ins are: 1) providing the correct angle of repose for the specific soil type, 2) the benching method and 3)___________________________________. shore up the sidewalls Proper _______________ is the most important factor in efficient soil compaction moisture content The optimum moisture content for soil compaction will depend on the type of soil being compacted. True Special precautions should be taken with desirable trees on a building site to avoid injuring and even killing them such as: avoid raising or lowering the grade around trees (B) choosing to bore under tree roots for the installation of utilities instead of trenching through them (C) barricading the area under trees to keep heavy equipment from damaging the root systems