ANTH: EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Archaeology - ANSWER-Study of material remains from past human cultures through archaeological techniques, method, and theory, combining the themes of time and change
Artifacts - ANSWER-Any object or item created or modified by human action
Culture - ANSWER-A uniquely human means of non-biological adaptation; a repertoire of learned behaviors for coping with the physical and social environments
Ethnography - ANSWER-The study of human cultures through firsthand observations; anthropological descriptions of living or historically known groups or people from different parts of the world. _____________ical and ethnoarchaeological data are a source of information for helping archaeologists to interpret the past
Excavation - ANSWER-The exposure and recording of buried archaeological and ecofactual materials from the past
Fieldwork - ANSWER-The search for archaeological sites in the landscape through surveys and excavations
Prehistory - ANSWER-The human past; the time before written records
Site - ANSWER-The accumulation of artifacts and/or ecofacts, representing a place where people lived or
carried out certain activities
Survey - ANSWER-The systematic search of the landscape for artifacts and sites on the ground through aerial photography, field walking, soil analysis, and geophysical prospecting
Technology - ANSWER-The combination of knowledge and manufacturing techniques that enable people to convert raw materials into finished products Ideology - ANSWER-A conceptual framework by which people structure their ideas about the order of the universe, their place in that universe, and their relationships among themselves and with objects and
other forms of life around them
Economy - ANSWER-The management and organization of the affairs of a group, community, or establishment to ensure their survival and productivity
Egalitarian - ANSWER-A term that refers to societies lacking clearly defined status differences between individuals, except for those due to sex, age, or skill
Rank - ANSWER-A relationship of inequality between members of society in which status is determined by kinship relations of birth order and lineage
Cosmology - ANSWER-The worldview of a group or society, encompassing their understanding of the universe, their origins and existence and nature.
Anthropology - ANSWER-Scientific study of humanity
Four Fields of Anthropology - ANSWER-1. Biological or Physical Anthropology
2. Cultural Anthropology
3. Linguistics
4. Archaeology
Biological or Physical Anthropology - ANSWER-Includes human biological evolution such as paleoanthropology or early hominid fossils, primate studies, human variation
Some researches include: Louis and Mary Leakey (early hominin fossils from Olduvai Gorge); son Richard Leakey; Donald Johanson (early hominin fossils such as "Lucy" from Ethiopia); chimpanzee studies by Jane Goodall
Cultural Anthropology - ANSWER-Human social life (both past and present)
Consists of:
Archaeology - ANSWER-Study of material remains from past human cultures through archaeological techniques, method, and theory, combining the themes of time and change
Artifacts - ANSWER-Any object or item created or modified by human action
Culture - ANSWER-A uniquely human means of non-biological adaptation; a repertoire of learned behaviors for coping with the physical and social environments
Ethnography - ANSWER-The study of human cultures through firsthand observations; anthropological descriptions of living or historically known groups or people from different parts of the world. _____________ical and ethnoarchaeological data are a source of information for helping archaeologists to interpret the past
Excavation - ANSWER-The exposure and recording of buried archaeological and ecofactual materials from the past
Fieldwork - ANSWER-The search for archaeological sites in the landscape through surveys and excavations
Prehistory - ANSWER-The human past; the time before written records
Site - ANSWER-The accumulation of artifacts and/or ecofacts, representing a place where people lived or
carried out certain activities
Survey - ANSWER-The systematic search of the landscape for artifacts and sites on the ground through aerial photography, field walking, soil analysis, and geophysical prospecting
Technology - ANSWER-The combination of knowledge and manufacturing techniques that enable people to convert raw materials into finished products Ideology - ANSWER-A conceptual framework by which people structure their ideas about the order of the universe, their place in that universe, and their relationships among themselves and with objects and
other forms of life around them
Economy - ANSWER-The management and organization of the affairs of a group, community, or establishment to ensure their survival and productivity
Egalitarian - ANSWER-A term that refers to societies lacking clearly defined status differences between individuals, except for those due to sex, age, or skill
Rank - ANSWER-A relationship of inequality between members of society in which status is determined by kinship relations of birth order and lineage
Cosmology - ANSWER-The worldview of a group or society, encompassing their understanding of the universe, their origins and existence and nature.
Anthropology - ANSWER-Scientific study of humanity
Four Fields of Anthropology - ANSWER-1. Biological or Physical Anthropology
2. Cultural Anthropology
3. Linguistics
4. Archaeology
Biological or Physical Anthropology - ANSWER-Includes human biological evolution such as paleoanthropology or early hominid fossils, primate studies, human variation
Some researches include: Louis and Mary Leakey (early hominin fossils from Olduvai Gorge); son Richard Leakey; Donald Johanson (early hominin fossils such as "Lucy" from Ethiopia); chimpanzee studies by Jane Goodall
Cultural Anthropology - ANSWER-Human social life (both past and present)
Consists of:
