OpenStax Microbiology Chapter 6 |Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

Tobacco mosaic virus - first virus discovered, plants that are infected by this are discolored virus - A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell. Bacteriophage - A virus that infects bacteria Atadenovirus - uses spikes made of glycoproteins from its capsid to bind to host cells. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system by using spikes made of glycoproteins embedded in its envelope to bind to host cells. helical capsid - Rod-shaped capsomeres that form a continuous helix around the nucleic acid polyhedral capsid - many-sided, and one of the most common polyhedral capsid shapes is the icosahedron complex capsid - bacteriophages may have a protein coat composed of both helical and polyhedral capsids How do phages reproduce? - - phages reproduce through the lytic cycle by injecting their genetic information into host cell, and then more phages are made within from the injected material prophage - A phage genome that has been inserted into a specific site on the bacterial chromosome. specialized transduction - specific bacterial genes are packaged inside a phage and transferred to a recipient cell