TEST BANK FOR ECGS MADE EASY, 5TH EDITION : AEHLERT

2 Chapter 01: Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptor sites will result in peripheral vasoconstriction. ANS: F Beta receptor sites are divided into beta1 and beta2. Beta1 receptors are found in the heart and kidneys. Stimulation of beta1 receptor sites in the heart results in increased heart rate, contractility, and ultimately irritability of cardiac cells. Stimulation of beta1 receptor sites in the kidneys results in the release of renin into the blood. Renin promotes the production of angiotensin, a powerful vasoconstrictor. Beta2 receptor sites are found in the arterioles of the heart, lungs, and skeletal muscle. Stimulation results in dilation. Stimulation of beta2 receptor sites in the smooth muscle of the bronchi results in dilation. OBJ: Compare and contrast the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation of the heart. 2. Blood pressure is the result of cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. ANS: T Blood pressure is equal to cardiac output multiplied by peripheral vascular resistance. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the circulating blood volume on the walls of the arteries. Peripheral vascular resistance is the resistance to the flow of blood determined by blood vessel diameter and the tone of the vascular musculature. OBJ: Identify and explain the components of blood pressure and cardiac output. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The apex of the heart is formed by the . a. tip of the left ventricle b. tip of the right atrium c. right atrium and right ventricle d. left atrium and left ventricle ANS: A The heart’s apex, or lower portion, is formed by the tip of the left ventricle. The apex lies just above the diaphragm, between the fifth and sixth ribs, in the midclavicular line. OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart. 2. The left atrium receives blood from the . a. pulmonary veins b. aorta c. pulmonary arteries d. inferior vena cava ANS: A The left atrium receives freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 3. The anterior surface of the heart consists primarily of the . a. left atrium b. right atrium c. left ventricle d. right ventricle ANS: D The front (anterior) surface of the heart lies behind the sternum and costal cartilages. It is formed by portions of theright atrium and the left and right ventricles. However, because the heart is tilted slightly toward the left in the chest, the right ventricle is the area of the heart that lies most directly behind the sternum. OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart. 4. Blood pressure is determined by multiplied by . a. stroke volume; heart rate b. heart rate; cardiac output c. cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance d. stroke volume; peripheral vascular resistance ANS: C Blood pressure is equal to cardiac output multiplied by peripheral vascular resistance. OBJ: Identify and explain the components of blood pressure and cardiac output.