MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review| QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

respiratory zone Correct Answer: respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli What does the Respiratory Zone do? Correct Answer: Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into the lung capillaries in exchange for CO2 Conducting Zone Correct Answer: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles What does conducting zone do? Correct Answer: conducts air to respiratory zone, humidifies, warms, and filters air Most common cancer mutation? Correct Answer: Acquired What does anticholinergic mean? Correct Answer: blockade of muscarinic receptors - This inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various bodily functions What does dopamine do? Correct Answer: influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion. Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control movement. What does messenger RNA do? Correct Answer: Transcribes information from the DNA in the nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded, intermediate molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins. What do ribosomes do? Correct Answer: Make proteins (protein synthesis) Neurotransmitters Correct Answer: chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses Correct Answer: Acetylcholine and nitric oxide Atropine Neurotransmitters Correct Answer: Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that is used to inhibit the effects of excessive vagal activation on the heart, which is manifested as sinus bradycardia and AV nodal block. Therefore, atropine can temporarily revert sinus bradycardia to normal sinus rhythm and reverse AV nodal blocks by removing vagal influences.