CDM 4 Final Exam Organ transplant Questions With Correct Answers

transplantation of a whole/ partial organ from one body to another or from a donor site on the patient's own body Replaces the recipient's damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor site. Organs can be *living* or *deceased* (previously defined as "cadaveric"). - Answer Organ transplantation Each deceased organ donors can donate up to *25* organs and tissues to help as many as *50* recipients! - Answer A transplant of tissue from *one to oneself* Usually done with surplus tissue, tissue that can regenerate or tissue that is more desperately needed elsewhere (ie- vein extraction for CABG, skin grafts.) - Answer *Autograft (Autologous transplant)* A transplanted organ or tissue from a genetically non-identical member of the same species; human-to-human. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts. - Answer *Allograft/ Homograft*(Allogenic Transplant) A subset of allografts in which organs or tissues are transplanted from a donor to a *genetically identical recipient* (i.e. Identical twin). - Answer Isograft (Syngeneic Transplant) A transplant of organs or tissue from one species to another i.e. porcine heart valve (pig) - Answer Xenograft/ Heterograft (Xenogenic Transplant) surgical placement (grafting) of the donor organ into the normal anatomic site. - Answer *Orthotopic* the recipient's diseased organ is left intact and the donor organ is placed in parallel with anastomoses between the two organs. - Answer *Heterotopic* technique of matching willing donors to compatible recipients. - Answer Paired-Exchange donors donate to family or friends in whom they have an emotional investment. - Answer Living-Related donation is giving donation to someone not well-known to the donor. - Answer Good Samaritan"/ "Altruistic" The donor is declared as brain-dead; organs are kept viable by ventilators or other mechanical - Answer Deceased donor Family of a deceased donor requests an organ be given to a *specific person* Usually honoring wishes of the deceased. - Answer Directed/ Targeted Majority of organs are allocated by federal contract to the Organ Procurement & Transplantation Network (OPTN). - Answer Allocated Evaluates potential donors, discusses donation with surviving family members, and arranges for surgical removal and transplant of donated organs Implement *community outreach* strategies to encourage people to sign up in their state donor registry and to increase donor registration. - Answer *Organ Procurement Organization (OPO)* -operates under contract from *federal government* -Managing national waiting list, matching donors to recipients 24 hours/day, 365 days/year -Monitoring of organ match & allocation - Answer United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) *The Transplant Process "Journey"* - Answer Step 1: Evaluation @ the Transplant Center Step 2: Waitlist Step 3: Get Support Step 4: The Wait Step 5: Transplant- "The call" Step 6: Care Organ transplant *Wait time* is influenced by what ? - Answer -blood type -tissue type -medical urgency -time on waiting list -geographical location What are the contraindications that a person may not receive an organ transplant ? - Answer -Malignancy (except skin) -Advanced dysfunction in other organ system -Non-curable chronic infection outside (Hepatistis/ HIV) -Significant spinal or chest wall deformity -Overt sepsis -Medical noncompliance -Untreatable psychological condition that interferes with compliance -Absence of support system that is reliable -Substance addiction within 6 months