Study Guide for PCT Test Questions Answered 100% correct

Study Guide for PCT Test Questions Answered 100% correct The minimum recommended needle gauge for a fistula that tolerates a blood flow of 300-350 ml/min without difficulty is? 16 gauge The dialysis technician has performed a rinse back on a patient and failed to gather all the supplies needed to disconnect the patient. What must the dialysis technician do prior to getting clean supplies? Remove gloves, wash/sanitize hands, and retrieve item. One way to establish a patient has orthostatic hypotension is to obtain a patients? Sitting blood pressure followed by the patients standing blood pressure. Individual aid containers must be labeled with? Chemical content. A cannulation method where two new sites are chosen for needle placement every treatment is called the? Rope Ladder Technique Which of the following has the highest potassium content? Bananas, orange juice, and salt substitute. Nurse should know that when performing access flow testing in graft? A result of less than 600 ml/min should have repeated testing. The patient care technician observes a patient at the 30-minute safety check. What signs or symptoms will prompt the patient care tech to wake the patient for further evaluation? The patient does not respond o a verbal question and vital signs are trending down. When mixing bicarbonate for dialysis, after mixing the bicarbonate for one minute, then checking the final fill level, it is essential to further mix the bicarbonate for 10 minutes Prior to applying the blood pressure cuff on a new patient, the patient care technician should? Examine both the patients arms for the presence of an access. When removing needles from an internal access the needle safety device? Should be engaged while removing needle from patients access. Which of the following would minimize bacterial growth in the water treatment system? Circulation of water on a continuous basis. If bicarbonate concentrate jugs are used, the frequency for disinfecting jugs is? Weekly Routine post dialysis treatment documentation on the patients dialysis treatment record should include patients blood pressure and temperature.? Post rein fusion and prior to disconnection. Concentrate labeling strategies must allow for the positive identification of the contents of the mixing tanks, storage tanks, concentrate head tanks, valve panels and the ? Bicarbonate/acid jugs. A fistula is considered the access of choice because fistula? Have the lowest complication rate. The ratio of bleach to water in the solution used t odisinfect external surfaces and equipment is? 10 mls of bleach to 60 liters of water. What notification process would alert the staff of poor water quality during the dialysis treatment? remote Total dissolved solids (TDS) alarms in the treatment room. Excessive fluid removal during dialysis, combined with the patients taking antihypertensive medication may result in the patient having? hypotension In addition to air embolism, what complication may potentially occur if the saline bag is left unclamped with the blood pump running during the dialysis treatment? Dialyzer clotting Using the sodium variation module during the dialysis treatment? aid in fluid removal The patient care Technician (PCT) notices the patient yawning toward the end of the treatment. The PCT should take which action immediately? Check the patients blood pressure. Documentation and interpretation of the KECN (clearance effective by conductivity) results can assist the staff member in? assessment for possible clotting in the dialyzer /What reading on the reverse osmosis (RO) machine indicated the level of water quality? Total Dissolved Solids What solution should be used to disinfect a large blood spill area greater than 10mls? 1 part bleach: 10 parts water solution The carbon tanks remove? Chlorine and chloramines The patients blood leak detector alarms. After verifying the blood pump has stopped what should the patient care technician do next? Check for blood with a blood leak test indicator. The patient complains of pain at the catheter exit site. What would the patient care technician do first? notify the nurse The following KECNs are noted: These results indicate a? Time KECN Time KECN 00:15 268 01:45 243 00:45 254 02:15 240 01:15 242 02:45 238 low clearance, need for further heparinization The softener tank works in conjunction with the brine tank using the process of? ion exchange The purpose of the QAI program is to improve the quality and appropriateness of patient care. This is accomplished by? identifying opportunities and resolving problems through the use of the QAI process. The patient is supine, breathing normally with eyes closed, all machine parameters are normal and extracorporeal circuit is intact. Based on these observations at this time, what would be the most appropriate observation documented? Patient resting quietly, respiration 18, no changes in VS connection secure, no unusual findings. How long can mixed bicarbonate be kept for use without Medical Director approval and validation procedures? Must be used the same day it is mixed Source water is? Received from the water supplier to make product water for dialysis. Oral Nutritional supplements (ONS) are given to FMS in-center dialysis patients who are malnourished while they are at the dialysis facility for which of these reasons? To improve nutritional status and ensure compliance with oral intake and reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the ultrafilters is to? Provide a bacterial and endotoxin barrier. A patient having a dialysis treatment complains of feeling dizzy, and begins to yawn. These symptoms are most likely to indicate that the patient has? hypotension When it is suspected that a patient has an air embolism, the first intervention should be to? Clamp the patients bloodlines Which of the following is NOT true when cannulating a new a-V-Fistuala? Use of a tourniquet is optional when cannulating a new A-V fistula. If the arterial pressure changes from -200 mmhg to -250 mmHg from the initiation of treatment, what would be a possible cause? hypotension and vasoconstriction. What PPE is required when performing venipuncture? Gloves, full face shield or mask and protective eyeware with side shield and fluid resistant gown. Improperly primed dialyzers and bloodlines can increase the risk of? air embolism and clotting in the dialyzer What can result from a low level arterial pressure drip chamber? Air entering the system Studies conducted by the Center for Disease Control continue to prove that the single most important means of preventing the spread of infection is to? Wash/Sanitize hands When instructing patients with chronic kidney disease, who are receiving dialysis, the nurse should include the fact that? Elevated potassium levels may cause changes in heart rhythm. Pre-treatment evaluation of an internal vascular access includes? palpating for a thrill According to FMS policy, the safe level for total chlorine is? less than 0.10ppm. The patient presents the dialysis center with a pulse rate of 44/min but does not appear to be in any distress. What should be the dialysis technicians immediate actions? notify the Registered Nurse. The new needle placement following an ARTERIAL needle infiltration should be? above or below the infiltration Bright cherry soda colored blood is noticed in the dialyzer. The patient complains of shortness of breath, headache, and buring at the needle site. In view of these findings the care giver should? Stop blood pump and do not return blood to the patient. A major factor affecting ultrafiltration is pressure A high venous pressure alarm is MOST likely caused by which of the following? Infiltration of Venous needle A patient begins to experience shortness of breath, chest pain, and sudden hypotension, the blood is bright red and translucent. the complication most likely occurring is? hemolysis To properly collect a post BUN sample, it is necessary to? Turn off ultrafiltration rate Why does countercurrent flow within the dialyzer provide the most efficient clearance of solutes from the blood? Blood and dialysate flow in opposite directions allowing removal of waste throughout the surface area if the dialyzer. Which of the following has the MOST impact on dialyzer clearance Surface area of the dialzer During dialysis a patient has a cardiac arrest. Which action should be completed on the dialysis machine before the machine is used by another patient? Techinical must perform a functional test on the machine Blood pump occulsion and kinked lines would most likely cause which complication during hemodialysis? Hemolysis Conductivity is best described as the ability of a (n)? solution to conduct an electrical current The component of the dialysate that helps treat acidosis is? bicarbonate The patients venous needle has infiltrated and another needle will need to be inserted, the caregiver would? insert the new needle above the infiltrate and apply ice to the area. Which of the following laboratory results indicate a person has protection form acquiring Hepatitis B (HBV)? HBsAB positive (HBV Immune) Which of these finding noted on a safety check would indicate that an intervention is needed? HemoSafe is in place and secure on the arterial line. Dialysis has been initiated on a patient using a right internal jugular catheter, as the blood pump is turned up to 200 ml/min, foam begins to accumulate in the lines. the patient begins to wheeze, and becomes short of breath. the caregivers FIRST action would be to? Clamp down the venous line What is the correct level for salt in the brine tank? The top level of the salt pellets in the brine tank must be maintained above the level of the brine solution in the tank. How long must the reverse osmosis machine (RO) run prior to collecting samples for water testing? 15 minutes The Adequacy of a dialysis treatment may be compromised by? inadequate heparinization A 40-year-old patient, who has severe hypertension, is to start on hemodialysis. The patient does not have diabetes or cardiac problems. What type of access is preferable? An arteriovenous fistula A patient has fallen to the floor post dialysis outside the facility that results in a laceration. This incident is considered a/an? Serious Adverse Event (SAE) Which total chlorine reading is UNACCEPTABLE? 0.10 ppm Which factor is most likely to affect dialysis adequacy? Dialyzer is primed at 300 ml/min The patient is 2 hours 15 minutes into a 3 hour treatment the caregiver discovers that the patient is not dialyzing with the prescribed dialysate. In addition to documenting the event, in the treatment record, which of the following actions would be most appropriate? Notify the RN immediately to obtain instructions, complete an adverse event report. The Fresenius Medical Care program that utilizes technology to improve our patient care is? UltraCare If the second GAC (carbon) filter exceeds te acceptable limit for total chlorine, what is the next step? Notify nurse in charge to stop treatment The purpose of an ultraviolet (UV) irradiator is to? destroy bacteria in the water system. If the bicarbonate jugs have been in storage and are needed for emergency use what action must be taken prior to use? Disinfect with 1:100 bleach water and rinse with RO water until negative for vinegar