ATI RN PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023/2024 (GRADED)

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." b. "I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU c. "I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication." d. "I'll be glad when I can stop taking this medicine." i. Rationale: Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant used to treat various types of seizures. Clients on anticonvulsant medications commonly require them for lifetime administration, and phenytoin should not be stopped without the advice of the client's provider. 38. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. “If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the cromolyn immediately.” b. “I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn.” i. Rationale: The client should always use the bronchodilator (albuterol) prior to using the leukotriene modifier (cromolyn). Using the bronchodilator first allows the airways to be opened, ensuring that the maximum dose of medication will get to the client's lungs. c. “I will use both medications immediately after exercising.” d. “I will administer the medications 10 minutes apart.” Also hold breath for 10 seconds 39. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication? a. "I can walk a mile a day." b. "I've had a backache for several days." ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU c. "I am urinating more frequently." d. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite." Rationale: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort are early signs of digoxin toxicity. 40. A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV-1 infection and is prescribed zidovudine as part of antiretroviral therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? a. Cardiac dysrhythmia b. Metabolic alkalosis c. Renal failure d. Aplastic anemia ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU 41. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication? a. The leukocyte count b. The platelet count c. The hematocrit (Hct) i. Rationale: Epoetin alfa is an antianemic medication that is indicated in the treatment of clients who have anemia due to reduced production of endogenous erythropoietin, which may occur in clients who have endstage renal disease or myelosuppression from chemotherapy. The therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa is enhanced red blood cell production, which is reflected in an increased RBC, Hgb, and Hct. d. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 42. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes the action of glipizide? a. "Glipizide absorbs the excess carbohydrates in your system." b. "Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin." i. Rationale: Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic medication in the ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU pharmacological classification of sulfonylurea agents. These medications help to lower blood glucose levels in clients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus using several methods, including reducing glucose output by the liver, increasing peripheral sensitivity to insulin, and stimulating the release of insulin from the functioning beta cells of the pancreas. c. "Glipizide replaces insulin that is not being produced by your pancreas." d. "Glipizide prevents your liver from destroying your insulin.” 43. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed warfarin therapy for an artificial heart valve. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for a therapeutic effect of warfarin? a. Hemoglobin b. Prothrombin time (PT) ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU i. Rationale: This test is used to monitor warfarin therapy. For a client receiving full anticoagulant therapy,should typically be approximately two to three times the normal value, depending on the indication for therapeutic anticoagulation. c. Bleeding time d. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 44. A nurse in a critical care unit is caring for a client who is postoperative following a right pneumonectomy. After extubation from the ventilator, in which of the following positions should the client be placed? a. Prone b. On the nonoperative side c. Sims' d. Semi-Fowler's 45. A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2 mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions? a. Prevents dysrhythmias ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU i. Rationale: Lidocaine is an antidysrhythmic medication that delays the conduction in the heart and reduces the automaticity of heart tissue. b. Slows intestinal motility c. Dissolves blood clots d. Relieves pain 46. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate liquid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? a. Take the medication on an empty stomach to decrease gastrointestinal irritation. b. Take the medication with orange juice to enhance absorption. i. Take between meals for optimal absorption ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU ii. Rationale: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is found in orange juice, will enhance the absorption of iron and increase its bioavailability. This will also help to decrease the gastrointestinal side effects of iron. c. Take the medication with milk. d. Rinse the mouth before taking the iron. 47. What instructions does nurse provide when administering mont 48. A nurse in a provider's clinic is assessing a client who has cancer and a prescription for methotrexate PO. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when the client reports bleeding gums? a. Explain to the client that this is an expected adverse effect. b. Check the value of the client's current platelet count. c. Instruct the client to use an electric toothbrush. d. Have the client make an appointment to see the dentist. 49. A nurse is teaching a client who has bipolar disorder and a prescription for lithium to recognize the manifestations of toxicity. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will report any loss of appetite." b. "Increased flatulence is an indication of toxicity." ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/2023,VSU c. "Vomiting is an indication of toxicity." d. "I will call my provider if I experience any headaches." 50. Bacterial conjunctivitis, know to apply a. Thin line into the conjunctival sac 51. A nurse in a public clinic is planning a health fair for older adult clients in the community. In teaching medication safety, which of the following foods should the nurse advise the clients to avoid when taking their prescriptions? a. Carbonated beverage b. Milk c. OJ d. Grapefruit juice