Wgu - Critical Thinking & Logic (Rated 100% Correct)

IMPEDIMENTS/BAD HABITS TO SOUND THINKING: correct answers - Making generalizations unsupported by evidence - Letting stereotypes shape our thinking - Viewing the world from one fixed vantage point - Forming false beliefs - Dismissing or attacking viewpoints that conflict with our own - Thinking deceptively about our own experiences EGOCENTRISM: correct answers the tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself. SOCIOCENTRISM: correct answers the assumption that one's own social group is inherently superior to all others. CRITICAL THINKING IS CHARACTERISTICALLY: correct answers self-directed; self-disciplined; self-monitored; self-corrective; requires practicing good intellectual habits; "thinking about thinking". FIRST-ORDER THINKING (ORDINARY THINKING): correct answers spontaneous and non-reflective; contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning indiscriminately combined SECOND-ORDER THINKING (CRITICAL THINKING): correct answers first-order thinking that is consciously realized (i.e., analyzed, assessed, and reconstructed). FAIR-MINDEDNESS: correct answers to consider all relevant opinions equally without regard to one's own sentiments or selfish interests; to bring an unbiased and unprejudiced perspective to all viewpoints relevant to a situation. Involves adherence to Intellectual Standards along with requiring the critical thinker to simultaneously embody certain key Intellectual Traits. INTELLECTUAL UNFAIRNESS (opposite of fair-mindedness): correct answers to always see yourself as right and just; nearly always involves an element of self-deception. TRAITS/VIRTUES of a CRITICAL THINKER: *terms used by Paul & Elder (all relate fundamentally to fair-mindedness) correct answers -INTELLECTUAL AUTONOMY=thinking for oneself while adhering to standards of rationality. -INTELLECTUAL COURAGE=to develop the courage to challenge popular beliefs; confronting ideas, views, beliefs with fairness, even when painful; examine beliefs that one has negative feelings toward and has been dismissive of. -INTELLECTUAL EMPATHY=to routinely inhabit the perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them.