PSB Exam 1 Study Guide-94 Questions with Complete Solutions

PSB Exam 1 Study Guide-94 Questions with Complete Solutions Depolarization of the axon terminal causes influx of what ion? - CORRECT ANSWER Calcium What is triggered by influx of the ion listed above? - CORRECT ANSWER exocytosis What are the two basic mechanisms for inactivation neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft? - CORRECT ANSWER After a chemical is released, it must be inactivated. Inactivation can be through a reuptake mechanism or by an enzyme that stops the action of the chemical. Neurotransmitters: - CORRECT ANSWER communicate locally across the synapse Neuromodulators: - CORRECT ANSWER communicate with target cells more distant than the synapse by diffusing away from the point of release A _____________ synapse is comprised of an axon of a "transmitting" neuron synapsing on the dendrite of a "receiving" neuron - CORRECT ANSWER axo dendritic List one catecholaminergic drug and its effects on synaptic transmission, being sure to indicate which catecholamine the drug affects - CORRECT ANSWER Cocaine, no reuptake of dopamine so there is a ton of dopamine in synaptic cleft making guy have a lot of euphoria The anti-psychotic drug haloperidol is particularly selective for dopamine _______ receptors.. A) D1 B) D2 C) D3 D) auto- - CORRECT ANSWER B) D2 Most antipsychotic medications act by blocking _______ receptors. A) serotonergic B) dopaminergic C) cholinergic D) muscarinic - CORRECT ANSWER B) dopaminergic List one cholinergic drug and its effect on synaptic transmission - CORRECT ANSWER nicotine imitates acetylcholine in nicotinic receptors, opening ion channels and starting action potential impulse List one seretonic drug and its effects on synaptic transmission - CORRECT ANSWER Proxil, Zoloft, etc... Ecstasy, reversed re-uptake! Increases serotonin release and blocks reuptake. Afterwards, Less serotonin is available for release and previous autoreceptor. make person less sad/gloomy/depressed Define G-protein linked receptor - CORRECT ANSWER A receptor that is linked to a G protein to activate another protein far away Acetylcholine (ACh) - CORRECT ANSWER Main neurotransmitter for muscle control. -2 receptor types: Nicotinic: a CNS stimulant and active ingredient in tobacco Muscarninic: a poisenous substance found in some mushrooms. BOTH are ionotropic and metotropic and are both found in PNS and CNS Define nicotinic receptor - CORRECT ANSWER a cholinergic receptor that once binded with acetylcholine opens an ion channel