Summary Human Anatomy and Physiology 1

Anatomy - The study of the structures and organization of the body Physiology - The study of the functions of the body parts Ventral - The "bellyside" / front size Midsagittal - Plane vertically dividing the body into equal right and left portions Mediastinum - The space between the lungs Cell - The basic unit of life; collection of organelles Superior - Uppermost or above Ventral Cavity - Bellyside cavity that includes thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity ATP - Energy; adenosine-triphosphate Atoms - Smallest particle of an element that maintains all the characteristics of that element Elements - Substance with the same amount of protons and electrons Ion - Charged atom Compounds - Combination of two or more elements in bonding Atomic Number - Number of protons or electrons Atoms are electrically_____ - Neutral Brownian Movement - Random collisions of diffusing molecules Diffusion - Movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low one Increased temperature causes diffusion to _____ - Move faster Osmosis - Diffusion of water Hypotonic - Solute Concentration higher inside than outside. Water moves into cell and causes swelling. Hypertonic - Solute Concentration higher outside than inside. Water moves out of cell and causes shrinking. Isotonic - Solute concentration equal on inside and outside. Water stays the same in concentration. Neutral pH reading is____ that only _____ has - 10^-7; distilled water Buffers - Substances that function to prevent radical changes in pH. Act as reservoirs for H+. Donates H+ when H+ concentration falls and accepts when rises. Protoplasm - The living content of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane (cell membrane); solution made of water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and inorganic cells Cytoplasm - The protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus ; the region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus