HESI Geriatrics Final Exam Correct 100%

Your older female patient is complaining because she is having frequent UTIs. Which normal age-related change is most likely to be a contributing factor? ch. 3 - Answer Decreased bladder muscle tone Which are normal age-related changes? (Select all that apply.) ch. 3 - Answer 1 Decreased visual acuity 4 Increased gastric pH 8 Decreased serum albumin 10 Decreased rate of peristalsis What are patients who have had Parkinson disease for 10 years likely to exhibit? (Select all that apply.) ch. 3 - Answer 1 Rigidity and tremors when at rest 3 Dementia An older adult is coming to your clinic for treatment for a gastric ulcer. Which treatment would the nurse expect to be ordered? ch.3 - Answer Antibiotics What should the nurse explain when discussing expected changes in the female reproductive system to an older adult? ch. 3 - Answer Production of vaginal secretions decreases The nurse performs a skin assessment of an older adult. Which finding is abnormal and needs to be reported? ch. 3 - Answer A dark, elevated patch that bleeds when touched The nurse encourages the patient to maintain a steady weight in the recommended range to decrease risk of which common endocrine disease observed in older adults? ch. 3 - Answer Diabetes mellitus What is the activity that best promotes health maintenance for the typical older adult? ch. 4 - Answer One 30-minute walk, 3 to 5 times a week The nurse recognizes that regular dental visits are: ch.4 - Answer Recommended on a yearly basis for all older adults, even those with dentures. An older adult does not follow through with health recommendations from the primary health care provider. The older adult does not take prescribed medications or keep medical appointments. Which patient problem should the LPN/LVN anticipate seeing on the care plan? ch. 4 - Answer Nonadherence with the treatment plan Which immunizations should older adults receive on a yearly basis? (Select all that apply.) ch. 4 - Answer Influenza vaccine When attempting to help an older adult improve his or her health maintenance practices, the nurse will need to assess which factors? (Select all that apply.) ch.4 - Answer Cultural beliefs Socioeconomic status Religious beliefs Educational level Your patient tells you she understands that she is at greater risk of certain diseases because of her Hispanic American heritage. Based on what you have learned, which disorder(s) might she be at greater risk for? (Select all that apply.) ch.4 - Answer Obesity Stomach cancer Diabetes mellitus Cervical cancer Which interventions would be appropriate when teaching a patient with presbycusis? (Select all that apply.) ch. 5 - Answer Use visual cues or written materials. Repeat information. Face the patient when talking. Speak without food or drink in your mouth. The nurse is caring for an older adult in a rehabilitation unit. Which actions by the nurse are most likely to enhance communication with the patient? (Select all that apply.) ch. 5 - Answer Identify yourself; remind the person who you are. Use pictures and gestures in addition to words. Be patient, and avoid interrupting. A nurse is caring for an older adult who is upset about having to move into a skilled nursing facility. Which communication technique used by the nurse is most effective at establishing an empathetic climate? ch. 5 - Answer Open-ended responses A nurse is discharging an older adult patient from a rehabilitation facility after a left hip replacement. The nurse providing discharge teaching knows that older adults are most responsive to what type of information? ch. 5 - Answer When the information is relevant to their lives An older adult who resides in a long-term care facility has been refusing food and fluids for the past 2 days. He repeatedly says, "Leave me alone!" What is the best initial nursing intervention? ch. 6 - Answer Assess to identify changes in physical or emotional status. An older woman recently moved to the United States from the Middle East. She does not like to drink cow's milk or eat most cheeses. What is a culturally acceptable food that would best help meet the need for calcium? ch.6 - Answer Yogurt An older man who lives alone is placed on a sodium restricted diet because of heart failure. He asks you to help him make good diet choices. Which foods should he avoid? (Select all that apply.) ch. 6 - Answer Canned tomato soup Deli bologna or ham Frozen spaghetti dinner An 85-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital. Clinical indicators of inadequate nutrition include: (Select all that apply.) ch. 6 - Answer Thin, brittle hair Hemoglobin 10.2 g/dL; Hematocrit 45% Pale conjunctiva An older adult is taking furosemide to reduce edema. Dietary teaching would best include increasing the intake of which foods? (Select all that apply.) ch. 6 - Answer Bananas Apple juice Oranges Milk An older nursing home resident has poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and very concentrated urine. What are the best directions to give to the nursing assistant? (Select all that apply.) ch. 6 - Answer Offer smaller amounts of fluids every hour during the day. Identify the beverages that the resident prefers. Following an appointment with the primary care provider, the nurse is performing patient education to an independent living older adult about a newly prescribed medication. Which factor is most likely to interfere with the effectiveness of this process? ch. 7 - Answer The nurse is in a hurry. What is an example of a medication that can be crushed? ch. 7 - Answer A calcium tablet You are administering medication through a transdermal patch. What are some precautions? (Select all that apply.) ch. 7 - Answer Remove all old patches before applying a new patch. Cleanse the skin after removing an old patch. Verify the dosage strength of the patch. Wear gloves. A resident in a long-term care facility has an order for digoxin 0.25 mg every morning in tablet form. If the nurse assesses that this resident has been having difficulty swallowing, what should the nurse do? ch. 7 - Answer Discuss the possibility of an order change to liquid form with the primary care provider. Older adults are more likely to experience adverse drug reactions because of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) ch. 7 - Answer The number of medications they take daily Physiologic changes in metabolism and excretion Cognitive changes What should you include in a lesson plan for the independent living older person? ch. 7 - Answer Avoid drinking alcohol if taking acetaminophen. You are caring for a new patient who had a heart transplant 5 years ago. She takes seven medications every day, including antirejection drugs, cardiac medications, and inhalers. She mentions feeling "depressed," and wants your advice about trying a new "natural" remedy she found on the Internet. Which would be the best response? ch. 7 - Answer "You really should talk with your doctor first, because many things can interfere with your antirejection and heart medications, even herbs and supplements." Which assessment tool is most highly regarded and often used to determine the mental status of the older adult? ch. 8 - Answer The Mini-Cog When assessing the respiratory system of an older adult, the nurse hears continuous, coarse, low-pitched sounds. How would these sounds be reported? ch. 8 - Answer Gurgles (low-pitched wheezes) When taking a radial pulse of an older adult, the nurse finds it difficult to count a weak and thready pulse. What should the nurse do? ch. 8 - Answer Take an apical pulse instead. When performing an assessment of the gastrointestinal system of an older adult, the nurse would proceed in what order? Place the parts of a gastrointestinal system assessment in sequence from first to last. ch. 8 - Answer 1. Palpate abdomen. 2. Observe abdomen for scars. 3. Obtain a health history. 4. Inspect the oral cavity. 5. Auscultate bowel sounds. 34251