COLD WAR QUIZ|UPDATED&VERIFIED|100% SOLVED|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Cold War After World War II, the long period of intense rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States. Truman Doctrine President Truman's policy of giving American aid to nations threatened by communist expansion. Berlin Wall A wall built by the communist East German government in 1961 to seal off East Berlin from West Berlin. North Atlantic Treaty Organization An alliance formed in 1949 by the United States and Western European nations to fight Soviet aggression. Warsaw Pact Military alliance established in 1955 of the Soviet Union and other communist states in Europe. 38th Parallel The dividing line between South and North Korea. Douglas MacArthur A general who Truman chose to command a force that was sent to Korea to attack after North Korea attacked Southern Korea. Joseph McCarthy The senator of Wisconsin; he charged 205 State Department employees, and accused them of being communist party members, but they were never proven. Eventually he came across as a bully, and his popularity plunged. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Citizens of the United States who were sentenced to death because they passed atomic bomb secrets to the Soviets. Nikita Khrushchev Soviet Union leader in 1959 who had gained power a few years after Stalin died in 1953. Fidel Castro The person who led a revolution that set up a communist state in Cuba. Cuban Missile Crisis Major Cold War confrontation in 1962 -- Soviets building missile bases on Cuba, atomic missiles could reach US within minutes. Arms Race A competition for supremacy in nuclear weapons (between United States and Soviet Union) Sputnik The world's first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Government agency that directs the American space program. Lyndon B. Johnson President who had to decide whether to commit more forces to the struggle in Vietnam. He didn't think it was worth fighting for, and he didn't think they could get out. However, he sent more and more people into Vietnam causing the longest, most unpopular war in American history. Vietcong Vietnamese guerillas who opposed the noncommunist government of South Vietnam. Guerillas Fighters who used hit and run attacks. Ho Chi Minh Trail A system of supply routes from the North, which ran through southern North Vietnam, through Cambodia, and into southern South Vietnam. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Agreement Treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the number of nuclear warheads and missiles. Ronald Reagan He took office in 1981 with the belief that the Soviet Union was the focus of evil in the world. He had a tough anticommunist stand, and he wanted to deal with the Soviets from a position of strength, so he persuaded the Congress to increase military spending by more than $100 billion during his first five years in office. Star Wars President Reagan's proposed weapons system to destroy Soviet missiles from space. Mikhail Gorbachev A new Soviet leader who rose to power. He believed that only major reforms would let the Soviet system survive. He backed the glasnost, which would lead citizens to find solutions to pressing economic and social problems. Glasnost Policy in the Soviet Union of speaking openly about problems. Summit Meeting The conference between the highest-ranking officials of different nations. Kennedy's Compromise with Khrushchev Soviet missiles will be removed from Cuba if the US does not invade Cuba. What did Kennan compare the Soviet Union to? a wound up toy car (couldn't be stopped until it hit an unstoppable force) How long did the Cold War last? 50 years What parts of the world fought against each other in the Cold War? East (Soviet Union and allies) vs. West (U.S. and allies) Did the Soviet Union and the U.S. clash directly in battle? NO Why did the U.S distrust the Soviet Union? 1) Disliked communism and its rejection of religion and private property ownership; 2) Angered by Soviet efforts to overthrow noncommunist governments; 3) Soviets boasted of destroying free enterprise systems throughout the world Why did the Soviets distrust the U.S. (rest of the West)? 1) The U.S., being the most powerful nation, would try to attack the Soviet Union; 2) They would rebuild Germany to challenge the Soviet Union What promise did the Soviet Union break following WWII? the promise to hold free elections in Eastern European nations Why did the Soviets break their promise? Because they feared that by allowing European nations to elect their own type of leadership, the new governments would be anti-Soviet and would oppose them (causing challenges for the Soviet Union) Satellite Nation a nation that is dominated politically and economically by a more powerful nation Which Eastern European country was not a satellite nation? Yugoslavia Who was backed in satellite nations? Dictators (citizens who protested were imprisoned or killed) Iron Curtain a metaphoric wall dividing the democratic nations of the West from the communist nations of the East Which locations did the Iron Curtain start and end at? Stettin (Baltic) to Trieste (Adriatic) Who coined the term Iron Curtain? Winston Churchill What was Truman's policy known as? Containment Containment the Cold War Policy of keeping communism within its already existing borders and not allowing communism to spread further Which two specific countries were helped by the Truman Doctrine? Greece and Turkey What was the reasoning behind the Truman Doctrine? nations looked up towards the U.S. for support in fighting for freedom and if the U.S. failed to provide help and democratic encouragement, the nations would continue with communism and endanger the world Marshall Plan Congress' plan to spend lots of money to rebuild Europe to reduce the treat of communist revolutions in Western Europe What was the crisis in Berlin? three of four zones in Berlin (American, British, and French) wanted to reunite their zones but the Soviet zone opposed this because Germany would then be strong and might pose a threat towards the Soviet Union