NURS 601 Exam #2 answers with correct answer

What are geriatric syndromes? Clinical conditions in older adults that do not fit into specific disease categories What evidence-based practice is used to detect fratility and geriatric syndromes? Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) 5 common conditions of older adults pressure ulcers, incontinence, falls, functional decline, delirium Newly classified syndromes of the older adult malnutrition, sleeping/eating/feeding problems Evolving syndromes of the older adult Sarcopenia, polypharmacy, pain, frailty, polypharmacy What are shared risk factors for geriatric syndromes? 1. older age 2. baseline cognitive impairment 3. baseline functional impairment 4. impaired mobility An 88-year-old client is prone to chronic constipation and ask the nurse why. The nurse should explain what age-related physiological change? Slow peristalsis Which assessment finding is most significant when determining care for the older adult client with sarcopenia? Decrease in muscle mass as a result of a reduction in protein synthesis An older adult client admits to experiencing urinary incontinence. Which question will the nurse ask first? "When did it start?" Which of the following was not listed in the article about geriatric syndromes (O'Hara, 2014) as being among the five most common conditions? Sarcopenia Which teaching will the nurse include in a urinary health promotion webinar for aging clients? Adequate fluid intake Following a prolonged hospital stay, an older adult client has returned to the nursing home where the client normally resides. The client became incontinent of urine during the time in the hospital, a problem that nursing staff wish to now resolve. What action will the caregivers take in performing continence training? Assist the client with toileting at timed intervals throughout the day. The nurse manager notes a reduction in the number of urinary tract infections being diagnosed in older adult clients. Which unit-based protocol likely contributed to this outcome? Cranberry juice with breakfast The nurse notes that an older adult client has a 2 cm x 2 cm area of redness at the top of the buttocks after sitting in a chair for 30 minutes. What action will the nurse take? Change the client's position. The nurse reviews an older adult client's urinary symptoms. Which statement by the client requires follow up by the nurse? "I have trouble making it to the restroom on time." In chapter six of Leland's (2018) book, he descibes the health expereince of one of the edlers spending "sixty-four days in the hospital or rehab for low blood pressure". Which elder was he talking about? Fred A nurse is teaching older adults at a senior center how to reduce the incidence of falls. Which statement indicates that the nurse's teaching has been effective? "Both over-the-counter and prescription medications can cause me to fall." An 85-year-old client with limited mobility is incontinent of urine. An expected outcome identified on the plan of care is that the client will maintain skin integrity. Which intervention would the nurse most likely implement? Assess the client for wetness every 2 hours. The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is prone to developing constipation. The client asks; "What can I do to prevent this from happening?" Which recommendation(s) will the nurse make? Select all that apply. "Increase the amount of water you drink each day." "Get exercise each day." "Instill a saline enema each night before bed." "Take an over-the-counter laxative each day." "Eat more fruits and vegetables." "Increase the amount of water you drink each day." "Get exercise each day." "Eat more fruits and vegetables." The nurse is reviewing lifestyle changes with an older adult client to support urinary continence. Which statement by the client requires further follow up by the nurse? "I will stay at home to ensure that I can remain close to the toilet." An older adult woman is one day postoperative from a total knee replacement. The client rings the call light to report pain. Which consideration will the nurse prioritize when choosing an appropriate intervention? The need to provide prompt, adequate relief of the client's pain. The film Alive Inside is a documentary about the therapuetic benefits of music and it's power to awaken memories in people with dementia. True A nurse is facilitating a group consisting of family members of older adults recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. One of the family members asks the nurse, "What causes this disease?" Which information would the nurse include? "Alzheimer's disease appears to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors." A nurse is providing ongoing care for an older adult client with a diagnosis of dementia. Which nursing goal will the nurse prioritize when conducting ongoing assessment of this client? Identify factors affecting the client's functioning and quality of life. A nurse is assessing several older adult clients. The nurse determines which client is experiencing a health problem characterized as delirium rather than dementia? An older adult client experiencing forgetfulness and confusion over the last 48 hours. A client reports symptoms associated with depression. The nurse provides education concerning the effect certain medications have on triggering or worsening depression. What statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of that education? "I am going to ask my health care provider about prescribing something other than a beta-blocker for my hypertension." A nurse is preparing to administer an antidepressant medication to an older adult client with depression. Which information would the nurse need to keep in mind? Side effects that can occur in older adults are likely to be significant. Which modified communication technique will facilitate activity for the older adult client with dementia? simple sentences that contain only one idea The nurse is educating an older adult client about depression onset in later life. Which statement by the client demonstrates understanding of the education provided? "Older adults with depression and chronic illness have more serious negative functional consequences." An autopsy is performed to determine the cause of death in an older adult who may have been poisoned. Brain tissue shows neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex, but no other abnormalities. What would the future have held for him if he had lived? Alzheimer's disease A client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease is agitated and keeps trying to leave the unit. Which action will the nurse take? Ensure the client's basic needs are met. An older client tells the nurse he is stressed because he thinks he has Alzheimer's disease based on his long history of forgetfulness. What is the best nursing response? Other diseases can mimic Alzheimer's disease, so a comprehensive evaluation is essential to rule out other causes of dementia. A client is diagnosed with delirium. Which statement made by a family member supports that diagnosis over one of dementia? "My parent was fine at bedtime but confused upon getting up the next morning." In Chapater 7, The Lessons of Fred, John Leland quotes Cicero, stating that (fill in the blank) is "not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all others". Gratitude The spouse of a 74-year-old client is distraught at the client's recent diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. To identify a cure, the spouse is conducting extensive online research as well as speaking with each member of the care team about possible treatments. When talking with the spouse, which response would be appropriate? "There is not currently a cure available for Alzheimer disease, but some drugs have been shown to slow the progression of the disease." The nurse is performing an assessment on several client in an outpatient behavioral health clinic. Which client does the nurse identify as being at the highest risk for suicide? 85-year-old male client whose spouse died 1 year ago An older adult is admitted to the hospital for surgery. A day later, the client seems confused and disoriented, imagining a trapdoor in the ceiling above the bed. The client's wife panics, telling a nurse that several of her husband's relatives have had Alzheimer's disease but that he has always seemed "sharp as a tack." Which action would be the priority? Checking the client's chart for medications that can cause delirium. A nurse observes the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) ask a client what the client wants for breakfast, lunch, and dinner while assisting the client to toilet. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? Direct the aide to present only one idea at a time. A nurse works in an acute care unit for older adults and monitors the clients for functional consequences of depression. Which statement by a client is priority for follow-up? "I think it would be better for everyone if I was not here anymore."