NUR 114 PHARM FINAL STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2021/2022 ALREADY PASSED

NUR 114 PHARM FINAL STUDY GUIDE ACE Inhibitors; how do you identify them? PRIL ACE Inhibitors; Side effects? cough, hyperkalemia, orthostatic hypotension (first dose) ACE Inhibitors; Adverse effects? Angioedema, anaphylaxis reaction (s/s : hypotension, wheezing, swollen tongue, hives/itching... and know to administer Epi) Aminoglycosides; What is it, what medications? Antibiotic; Gentamicin What is peak/troughs? How/when are they monitored? Peak; Highest level of drug in the body. Draw for labs at peak of drug. Troughs; Lowest level of drug in the body. Draw for labs 30 minutes before next dosage. What types of toxicity can be caused by Aminoglycosides? 1. Nephrotoxic; Labs: BUN/creatine , Monitor: Decreased urine output. *Encourage fluids!* 2. Ototoxic; Monitor: ringing in ears, hearing loss. Antidepressants; Name the medications 1. Fluoxetine (Sertraline) 2. Venlafaxine 3. Bupropion 4. Amitriptyline Antidepressants; What are the side effects? dry mouth; Encourage to drink plenty of fluids and have gum/candy. APAP; what is it? What do you need to remember about it. Acetaminophen Can cause liver toxicity; do not go above prescribed dosage (4g a day), know drug/drug-alcohol interactions, macrolides (erythromycin interaction) ASA; what is it? What is the MOA? Aspirin MOA: anti-inflammatory, pain relief, MI/stroke prevention (antiplatelet component) Beta II Agonist; What medications and wha is the MOA? Albuterol/salmeterol MOA: relaxes bronchial smooth muscles causing brochodilation. *We know this is working if there is no signs of wheezing, lowered RR, no cough, and improved O2 saturation* Beta Blockers; What do you identify them? Olol Beta Blockers; what do you need to be precautious of? Patients with Asthma and diabetic patients (masks the signs of hypoglycemia) Beta blockers; What is the side effects? When would you hold the medication? 1. Hypotension, bradycardia, dizziness, nausea, weakness/fatigue. 2. Hold medication if HR 60, SBP 100 Amoxicillin clavulanate 30mg/kg/day divided BID for a child who weights 10mg. Available 125mg/31.25mg per 5ml. Which of the following dosing regimens is appropriate for the following order? 1. 12ml PO daily 2. 6ml PO daily 3. 6ml PO BID 4. 12 ml PO BID 6ml PO BID. Cephalosporins; What is it? Antibiotic-Similar to cillin family! Be aware of cross sensitivity. Cephalosporins; What side effects? Gi upset and oral discharge. Cephalosporins; what superinfections can they cause? How do you identify them? yeast infection, vaginal infection, oral thrush, etc. Digoxin; What is it, what does it do? Cardiac glycoside (Arthymia drug) Helps the heart pump more effectively by INHIBITING normal function of Na+ and K+ pump. Digoxin; Signs/Symptos of toxicity? N/V/D, vision changes, seeing yellow halos. Digoxin; Side effects? Hypokalemia Digoxin; When to hold? HR 60, toxic signs, low potassium. Diphenhydramine; what is it? What does it do? Antihistamine (Benadryl) Treats allergies, urticaria (hives) Diphenhydramine; Side effects? sleepiness Diphenhydramine; Instructions on taking/education? Take before bed Do not take with alcohol. Diuretics; What are they? (3) What do they do? What will you watch out for? 1. Spironolactone-potassium sparing Watch for: Hyperkalemia 2. Furosemide- potassium waster Watch for: Hyponatremia, hypokalemia 3. Hydrochlorothiazide Watch for: Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, HYPERcalcemia.