Policing and Society Exam 1Questions and Correct Solutions| Graded A+

The primary shapers of the American police institution are ____ and _____. - society and government the totality of networks and patterns of social interaction occurring between members of a bounded social group, including those interactions within organizations and institutions. - society a political institution of the state that uses organization, bureaucracy, and formality to regulate social interactions and is most often recognized among societies that emerge as nation-states. - government Many great political thinkers of the 1700s and 1800s spent considerable time examining the role of the ____ and _____ in society - state and government Political philosophers such as _______, _______, and _______ developed lengthy works on the ideal relationship between government and society. Collectively, these theories are called the ________. - - John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau - social contract Under the ________, members of society are assumed to have entered an agreement to create the state and a government to acquire security and order for the entire society - social contract By entering into such a contract, ______ are said to surrender certain natural rights and vest government with the power to maintain social stability and protect the interests of its members. - citizens In exchange for relinquishing the right to use _______ - for defense and to secure the necessities of life - members of society expect the government to provide an effective system for regulating conduct and creating forums for resolving conflicts between. - physical force Physical force is used for what? - for defense and to secure the necessities of life Conduct against the social good, whether by citizens or government, that violates the spirit of the social contract, requires _______, ________, and, in some cases, ________. - political change, social control, formal sanction Police institution operates within a governmental structure. They have a tendency to be: (3 points) - - Politically centralized - Paramilitary in appearance and operation - Vested with authorities and powers that are not usually subject to formal review ________ places restrictions on what police officers can do when enforcing the law or investigating crime. - Constitutional government 14amendment - granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States," which included former slaves recently freed Refers to criminal statutes that define which behaviors are acceptable and which behaviors are unacceptable in our society. - substantive law Refers to laws that prescribe how police officers apply substantive laws. - procedural law Regulates social interactions arising from private, commercial, or contractual relations. - civil law Refers to the written opinions of the courts. - case law The criminal justice system is composed of three primary components. What are they? - police, courts, and corrections Attributes of a system: - - Goal-Seeking - Goal-Quantifiable - Components Parts - Interactive - Consonant - Synergistic - Steady-State - Open or Closed - Self-Monitoring, Self - Correcting - Data-Based Chapter 1, slide 15 - review chart What are four primary roles of the police? - - Law Enforcement; - Order Maintenance; - Provision of Miscellaneous Services; and - Convenience Norm Enforcement. Chapter 1, slide 19 - review chart Wilson said the 3 styles of police departments are what? - - Watchman-style - Legalistic-style - Service-style The diversity of the Police Establishment includes what 3 things? - local, state, and federal There are approximately _____ different federal law enforcement agencies employing about ________ men and women. - - 65 - 105,000 Justice Department Agencies include what 4 departments? - - Federal Bureau of Investigation - Drug Enforcement Administration - U.S. Marshal Service - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms