E. M.F:work done ON unit
charge
P.D:work done BY unit of
charge
-
EME...;
I W I
i I
volts"
In-"lost
E. M. F
Yad*
=
I ·
........
T
R
·
2 I(R r)
=
+
V G Ir
=
-
=
- rI 2
+
1y mx c)
= +
series:Etst 2.
=
32 33+...
+
+
V
E
parallel:Exo+ E, gradient
-
Ez
I
= =
=
-r
~ How to measure E.MF? I
>
high resistance voltmeter.
-