General Standards and Right of Way Practice Test: Illinois Pesticide Already Graded A

General Standards and Right of Way Practice Test: Illinois Pesticide Already Graded A Goal of IPM To avoid adverse effects on humans, wildlife and the environment Economic threshold # of pests per plant or the amount of damage to a plant at which point control should begin Insects 3 pairs of jointed legs Incomplete life cycle Egg, nymph, adult Noninfectious disease Generally the result of unfavorable growing conditions Scouting First step in planning a successful weed control program Biennial weed Germinate in the spring, develops root system, and rosette Active ingredient Part of pesticide that kills WP+H2O needs? Agitation Surfactants Decreases the surface tension of H2O; allows water carrier to spread over surface Can you mix 2 pesticides? Yes. Make sure they retain properties Non-compatible? Becomes gel, curdles, or sludge Preharvest interval (IPM) amount of time that a crop can be harvested after it has been sprayed What is on every label? Keep out of reach of children Who can purchase Restricted Use pesticide? Applicators (or those with their permission) Precautionary Statement Where you can find listed the min. PPE How often should you read the pesticide label? Every time purchased "Worker Right to Know" OSHA Most serious dermal exposure Pesticide mixed with oil crosses skin into blood stream How should you clean clothes with concentrated chemicals on them? DONT. Throw away. Best way to get rid of excess chemical? Dilute excess and reapply to area Major concern of drift Off target damage to plants and people Major complaint about spraying Drift Time to spray if bees are in area Dawn and dusk What type of herbicide must be used with caution near bees? Microencapsulated Contact for emergency spill? IEMA- Illinois emergency management agency Example of surface water advisory 66 ft buffer area between application area and surface water sources (streams, etc) Why is pesticide breakdown slower in groundwater? Low O2 and light What influences leaching abilities? Soil texture and organic matter Highly soluble pesticide is poorly ____ and more likely to ___. Absorbed; Leach What type of nozzle sprays in cone pattern with droplets throughout? Solid cone When raising the boom sprayer, you reduce ____ and increase______. Overlap; Drift Factors to consider before spraying: Wind, temp, droplet size When using a tree injection system, you should use ____ pressure. Low A ____ herbicide is most effective against perennial weeds. Translocated What should you do if you spill chemicals on your clothes? Remove clothes and wash area with soap and water What type of nozzle would you use for a band application? Even flat fan or flat fan What type of pump would you use if you wanted low flow rates and psi of up to 100? Piston What is used to properly clean nozzles? Nozzle brush What PPE is worn while mixing concentrates or highly toxic sprays? The usual + face shield/ tight fitting goggles What substance produces gas, vapors, fumes, and requires special liscensing? Fumigants Who enforces the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)? USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) Who is responsible for enforcing the laws that regulate the use of pesticides for structural pest control? Illinois Department of Public Health Commercial for hire pesticide applicator An individual who applies pesticides for any purpose on property other than that owned, rented, or leased by themselves or their employer What does the Lawn Care Products Application and Notice Act require? Placement of markers to lawn after application Economic injury level The breakeven point at which the cost of pest control equals the revenue loss caused by the pest Incomplete development Egg, nymph, adult Complete development Egg, larva, pupa, adult What animals are not protected by law? Starlings, house sparrows, and feral pigeons Chlorosis Yellow-green ish coloration in normally green tissue Gall Abnormal swelling in a plant part Mosaic Intermingling patches of green and yellow on a leaf Biennial weed Seed in second summer and doe in winter Negatives of WP Wears out pumps and nozzles 4 keys to development of disease Susceptible host, pathogen, favorable environment, time Is a surfactant a type of pesticide? No What specific wind condition should you not spray? (What's the mph limit) 10 mph What federal agency registers pesticides and certifies applicators? USEPA What act regulates the registration, storage, and handling of pesticides in IL? Illinois pesticide act What law is administered by OSHA that requires employees to be informed of the pesticides and chemicals in the workplace? Workers right to know What agency administers the Structural Pest Control Act which regulates wood treatment and indoor pests? Illinois Department of Health What agency serves as the state lead agency for the administration of the Illinois Pesticide Act? Illinois Department of Agriculture How long must you have records? 2 yr When should you not apply low volume sprays? High temperature or low humidity Why are plant growth regulators used in ROW? Maintain desired height of grass (guardrails) Type of herbicide used for TVC? Residual, nonselective Photosynthetic inhibitor herbicides Translocate in xylem from the roots to older leaves Meristematic tissues Growing point of plants ACCase inhibitors Selectively control grass, but not broadleaf plants Dinitroanilines Soil applied to control grasses and small plants 2 mechanisms that allow plants to become resistant Target site is altered; ability to metabolize herbicide Methods of killing standing trees Frilling and Girdling Basal bark treatments Spraying on lower 12-18 in of bark When are cut stump applications of herbicide used? Control trees with thick barks or trunks greater than 5 in Injections can be used to treat... Pests and diseases Boom sprayers provide ____. Broadcast applications with uniformity What are spray guns used for with high pressure sprayers? Spot application, foliar applications, and basal applications What are spray guns NOT recommended for? Broadcast applications Spray droplets must be larger then ___ microns to not be at risk of drifting 200 Cleaning sprayers Only use very clean water How do you remove oil based herbicides? Water/ammonia based solution How do you remove wettable powders and amine formulations? Water/ detergent solution How do drift control additives work? Increase viscosity of spray solution Can ROW applicator apply herbicide along/around water? Yes. NOT DIRECTLY INTO WATER. Main mechanical treatment? Mowing What areas of stump need to be treated with water soluble herbicides? Sapwood and stump's cut surface Stumps of trees and vines musts be treated with _____ herbicide. Water soluble How much can compressed air sprayers hold? 1.5 -5 gallons What is the normal spraying pressure for a compressed air sprayer? 20-60 psi What is the max pressure that cab be developed in backpack sprayer? 150 psi Allelopathy Plants producing chemicals that inhibit growth of other plants nearby Fungi Attacks plants and causes rusts, smuts, mildews, wilts, and leaf spots Soluble Powders SP- dissolve readily to form true solution Wettable Powder WP- finely ground with dispersing agents and form suspension in water Dry Flowables DF- like WP, but AI is in form of microgranule Granule G- AI is in coarse particles. They are applied directly without mixing Pellets P- larger than G and more uniform in shape and size Dust D- low % of active ingredient Emulsifiable Concentrate EC- AI is dissolved in oil Microencapsulated ME, M- AI IS encased in plastic coated capsules Flowables F, L- Thick solution, presuspended WPs Solutions S- form true solutions Ultra Low Volume Concentrates ULV- high % of AI