Fresenius Hemodialysis Study Guide

Three pieces of personal protective equipment that are mandatory for use in the patient care area are: - Answer Gown, gloves, face shield The function of Erythropoietin is - Answer Stimulate production of RBC's, tells bone marrow to make RBC's Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by - Answer most commonly a viral infection Max Chlorine level in H2O room - Answer 0.09 ppm Albumin is - Answer a protein that helps fight infections and aids in healing and tissue formation. Gets fluid back into the blood, an osmotic agent. HD patient range for Albumin - Answer ≥ 4.0 Potassium is - Answer an electrolyte that regulates cardiac action HD patient range for Potassium - Answer 3.5-6.0 Hemoglobin is - Answer what carries oxygen and iron from the lungs to vital organs HD patient range for Hemoglobin - Answer 10-11 Phosphorus is - Answer what keeps bones and heart healthy if in balance, has an inverse relationship with Ca HD patient range for Phosphorus - Answer 3-5.5 spKT/V is - Answer what tells if the patient is receiving adequate dialysis, clearance times time of tx in minutes divided by volume in (L) of urea distribution HD patient range for spKT/V - Answer ≥1.4 iPTH is - Answer what balances Ca and Phos, elevated Phos causes elevated PTH, leads to bone and heart damage HD patient range for iPTH - Answer 150-600 Calcium (corrected) is - Answer a mineral that keeps bones and muscles healthy HD patient range for Calcium (corrected) - Answer 200-300 Hep B may be transmitted in a dialysis unit because it is transmitted via - Answer blood There are specific procedures to control the spread of Hepatitis in the dialysis unit. What are they? - Answer PPE use, hand washing, decontamination, disposal of supplies The four organs of the urinary tract are - Answer Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra (this is the flow path order as well) Osmosis is - Answer Movement of FLUID through a semi-permeable membrane from and area of LOW SOLUTE to an area of HIGH SOLUTE concentration Machines and chairs are cleaned with ____________ routinely. - Answer bleach 1:100 1:10 bleach solution is used for spills of blood greater than - Answer 10 mL The dialysate should be checked for what 3 things prior to starting each treatment? - Answer pH, conductivity and temperature The kidneys inability to secrete what is the primary reason dialysis patients are anemic? - Answer Erythropoeitin Water softener exchanges _____________ and _____________ for sodium by _________________. - Answer Calcium, magnesium, ion exchange Anemia is a condition characterized by unusually low levels of - Answer RBC's (hemoglobin) During a power failure you would return the patients blood via - Answer handcrank (6-10 rotations per min) Max time to handcrank in power failure - Answer 10-15 minutes Is dialysate sterile? - Answer NO Heparin is a ___________ acting, _________ molecule. - Answer short, large Heparin is given _________ to __________ minutes prior to the initiation of treatment. - Answer 3,5 Why is heparin given to minutes prior to the initiation of treatment? - Answer In order for it to become systemic throughout the body Venous pressure measures - Answer resistance of blood return Conductivity measures - Answer ability of a substance to conduct heat, electricity or sound What protects patients from receiving air? - Answer Air detector If the dialysate delivery system has been improperly disinfected what might occur? - Answer bacteria and endotoxins can be in the dialysate which may cause pyrogenic reactions What does the temperature monitor prevent? - Answer Hemolysis, from too high dialysis temperature Hemolysis occurs if the temperature is too - Answer High What are the two most life threatening conditions that can happen during treatment? - Answer Air embolism and Hemolysis When should sharps containers be changed? - Answer when 1/2 ful Order in which lab tubes should be drawn? - Answer SST first, Lavender last, Post BUN after TX Observable S/S of an infected access site - Answer Redness, swelling, pain, discharge, crust, fever, chills Diffusion is - Answer the movement of PARTICLES through a semipermeable membrane from and are of HIGH SOLUTE to an area of LOW SOLUTE concentration Ultrafiltration is - Answer removal of additional fluid through a semipermeable membrane with the use of of added pressure (tea bag) The blood lines and dialyzer are primed with what before dialysis is initiated? - Answer Normal Saline What blood test is done before and after hemodialysis treatment to determine adequacy of the treatment? - Answer Pre and Post BUN To ensure safety during treatment, a key point to remind the patient is - Answer to keep their access visible Three assessments that must be completed on a fistula or graft: - Answer Look, Listen, Feel External access refers to - Answer a catheter Internal access refers