CRAT | Questions and Answers with complete solution

Pericardium - Outer protective double-layered sac surrounding the heart. Epicardium - Thin outermost layer of the heart, contains coronary arteries. Myocardium - Middle muscular layer of the heart, contains electrical system. Endocardium - Inner most layer of the heart, lines chambers and valves. Blood flow through the heart - Venules -- Veins -- Superior/Inferior VC -- Rt atria -- Tricuspid Valve -- Rt ventricle -- Pulmonary valve -- Pulmonary Artery -- Lungs -- Pulmonary Veins -- Lt atria -- Bicuspid/Mitral valve -- Lt ventricle -- Aortic Valve -- Aorta -- Arteries -- Arterioles -- Capillaries -- Body Deoxygenated blood(left side of heart) - Venules -- Veins -- Superior/Inferior VC -- Rt atria -- Tricuspid Valve -- Rt ventricle -- Pulmonary valve -- Pulmonary Artery Oxygenated blood(right side of heart) - Pulmonary Veins -- Lt atria -- Bicuspid/Mitral valve -- Lt ventricle -- Aortic Valve -- Aorta -- Arteries -- Arterioles -- Capillaries Atrioventricular Valves(diastole) - Valves between the atria and ventricles. Tricuspid, Bicuspid/Mitral. Regulates blood flow IN the heart. Semilunar Valves(systole) - Pulmonary and Aortic valves separates Ventricles from corresponding artery. Regulates blood flow OUT of the heart. sinoatrial node (SA node) - Primary pacemaker, 60-100bpm intrinsic rate atrioventricular node (AV) node - 2nd pacemaker, 40-60bpm intrinsic rate