Test Bank For Prescotts Microbiology 11th Edition by Willey Complete Guide (All Chapters) Version 2023.

Test Bank For Prescotts Microbiology 11th Edition by Willey Complete Guide (All Chapters) Version 2023. Prescott's Microbiology, 11e (Willey) Chapter 1 The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology 1) Extant microorganisms are organisms from the fossil record that are no longer present on Earth today. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.02a Propose a timeline of the origin and history of microbial life and integrate supporting evidence into it 2) All cellular organisms can be placed into one of three ________, which include the Bacteria, Archaea, and the Eukarya. Answer: domains Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 3) Archaea are cellular organisms that have unique cell membrane ________. Answer: lipids Topic: Archaea Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 2 4) Microbiologists study a variety of organisms, but all are considered either Bacteria or Archaea. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 5) All eukaryotes have a membrane-delimited nucleus. Answer: TRUE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 6) Viruses are not generally studied by microbiologists because they are not classified as living organisms. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 02.05 The replication cycles of viruses (lytic and lysogenic) differ among viruses and are determined by their unique structures and genomes. Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 7) Viruses constitute the fourth domain of life in current biological classification schemes. Answer: FALSE Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 3 8) Protists contain all of the following forms of life EXCEPT ________. A) protozoa B) fungi C) slime molds D) algae Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 9) Cells with a relatively complex morphology that have a true membrane-delimited nucleus are called ________. A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) urkaryotes D) nokaryotes Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.04 While microscopic eukaryotes (for example, fungi, protozoa and algae) carry out some of the same processes as bacteria, many of the cellular properties are fundamentally different. Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 4 10) Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology that do not have a true membrane-delimited nucleus are called ________. A) prokaryotes B) eukaryotes C) urkaryotes D) nokaryotes Answer: A Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.01c Determine the type of microbe (e.g., bacterium, fungus, etc.) when given a description of a newly discovered one 11) The ribosomal RNA studies that led to the division of prokaryotic organisms into the Bacteria and the Archaea were begun by ________. A) Pasteur B) Woese C) Needham D) Watson Answer: B Topic: Taxonomy of Microorganisms Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 12) Proteins function in modern cells as ________. A) catalysts B) hereditary information C) structural elements D) both catalysts and structural elements Answer: D Topic: Bacterial Cellular Morphology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g. nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 13) RNA serves to convert the information stored in DNA to ________. 5 A) carbohydrates B) protein C) lipids D) RNA Answer: B Topic: Bacteria Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. Learning Outcome: 01.02a Propose a timeline of the origin and history of microbial life and integrate supporting evidence into it 14) The earliest microbial fossils that have been found are dated from approximately 4.5 million years ago. Answer: FALSE Topic: Bacteria Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 01 Evolution ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Explain Carl Woeses contributions in establishing the three-domain system for classifying cellular life 15) Which of the following distinguish the field of microbiology from other fields of biology? A) The size of the organism studied. B) The techniques used to study organisms regardless of their size. C) Both the size of the organism studied and the techniques employed in the study of organisms. D) Neither the size of the organism studied nor the techniques employed in the study of organisms regardless of their size. Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.01a Define the term microbiology 6 16) Who of the following developed a set of criteria that could be used to establish a causative link between a particular microorganism and a particular disease? A) Fracastoro B) Koch C) Pasteur D) Lister Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03b Outline a set of experiments that might be used to decide if a particular microbe is the causative agent of a disease 17) Who of the following was the first to observe and accurately describe microorganisms? A) Pasteur B) Lister C) van Leeuwenhoek D) Tyndall Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 7 18) Who of the following provided the evidence needed to discredit the concept of spontaneous generation? A) Pasteur B) Koch C) Semmelweiss D) Lister Answer: A Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 19) The concept that living organisms arise from nonliving material is called ________. A) biogenesis B) cell theory C) spontaneous generation D) germ theory Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 8 20) The concept that human and animal diseases are caused by microorganisms is called the ________. A) cell theory B) germ theory C) causative theory D) disease theory Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 2. Understand / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. Learning Outcome: 01.03b Outline a set of experiments that might be used to decide if a particular microbe is the causative agent of a disease 21) Whose work on spontaneous generation first demonstrated the existence of a very heat-resistant form of bacteria that are called endospores? A) Schwann B) Redi C) Tyndall D) Pasteur Answer: C Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 9 22) Antiseptic surgery was pioneered by ________. A) Pasteur B) Lister C) Jenner D) Kitasato Answer: B Topic: History of Microbiology Bloom's/Accessibility: 1. Remember / Keyboard Navigation ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Objective: 03.04 The growth of microorganisms can be controlled by physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological methods. Learning Outcome: 01.03a Evaluate the importance of the contributions to microbiology made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Beijerinck, von Behring, Kitasato, Metchnikoff, and Winogradsky 23) Studies by Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato demonstrated that inactivated toxins can induce the synthesis of antitoxins in the blood of rabbits. These antitoxins (antibodies) are the basis of ________. A) humoral immunity B) cell-mediated immunity C) antibiotic immunity D) phagocyte-mediated immunity Answer: A.