COM Exam 1 questions and correct answers

rhetoric - correct answers the first name for the study of communication rhetorician - correct answers teachers of communication Lyceum - correct answers 335 B.C. a school founded by Aristotle Aristotle's three persuasive proofs. - correct answers Ethos: Personal character. Pathos: The ability to arouse emotions. Logos: The wording and logic of the message. ethos - correct answers proof that said an audience could be persuaded through personal character pathos - correct answers proof that said an audience could be persuaded through the ability to arouse emotions logos - correct answers proof that said an audience could be persuaded through the wording and logic of the message who Corax was - correct answers Corax and Tisias lived a century before Aristotle. Corax and Tisias studied rhetoric to help Sicilian citizens reclaim property after a political upheaval and argue their cases before the government who Tisias was - correct answers Corax and Tisias lived a century before Aristotle. Corax and Tisias studied rhetoric to help Sicilian citizens reclaim property after a political upheaval and argue their cases before the government What are the dates of the classical period - correct answers Lasted for nine-hundred years from the 5th Century B.C. to the 4th Century A.D. Who was Cicero - correct answers (106-43 B.C.), a prominent Roman politician was considered to be Rome's finest orator. He met his death opposing Marc Antony after the assasination of Julius Caesar. five canons of rhetoric - correct answers invention style arrangement memory delivery invention - correct answers Canon 1: Invention: The process of deciding on the subject matter of one's speech and discovering information and arguments that would lead to sound conclusions. style - correct answers Canon 2: Style: It described the selection of proper words to convey a message. plain style - correct answers built ethos by convincing the audience of the speaker's good character, good sense and trustworthiness. It was logical, clear, and restrained. middle style - correct answers emphasized logos by impressing the audience with the soundness of the speaker's position; it consisted of intricate argumentation and careful philosophical decisions. vigorous style - correct answers was based on pathos; it "pulled out all the stops" and was eloquent and emotional. arrangement - correct answers Canon 3: Arrangement: Arrangement described ways to order ideas effectively. Speakers were taught that a speech must open with an introduction, follow with a statement of purpose, lead into a presentation of arguments, and end with a conclusion. memory - correct answers Canon 4: Memory: The ability to hold content, style, and arrangement in one's mind, was exceedingly important. mnemonics - correct answers The science of mnemonics (techniques of improving the memory) was developed to help speakers keep track of complex arguments. delivery - correct answers Canon 5: Delivery: Delivery was considered necessary for success because if a speaker did not use a pleasing voice and graceful gestures, the speech would be undermined sign - correct answers is "something that causes something to come to mind as a consequence of itself." natural signs - correct answers (Smoke causes one to think of fire.) are created by God. conventional signs - correct answers : Include the spoken and written word and are arbitrarily created by humans, so their interpretation is more difficult four directions of rhetorical study for the modern period - correct answers ... psychological/epistemological approach. - correct answers They investigated the relationship of communication and thought, trying to understand in a scientific way how people could influence one another through speech. epistemic - correct answers means the theories of the source of knowledge: Where does knowledge/truth come from? current-traditional approach - correct answers Truth exists beyond the scope of man, and it is man's duty to search for truth. expressionist approach - correct answers Truth does not exist beyond mankind, but exists deep within; therefore, it is up to those involved in verbal interaction to draw that knowledge out by questioning. (Ex. Socratic method, developed by the philosopher, Socrates.) social construction - correct answers Knowledge/truth does not exist beyond the scope of mankind, but it is discovered/invented or created through discourse. belletristic approach - correct answers focused on writing and speaking as art forms, developing critical standards for judging drama, poetry, and oratory elocutionary approach - correct answers designed elaborate systems of instruction to improve speakers' verbal and non-verbal presentation. the "Four Idols or Distortions that get in the Way of Clear Thinking." - correct answers next 4 "Idols of the Tribe." - correct answers " referred to fallacies in thinking due to human nature. "Idols of the Cave." - correct answers referred to individual prejudices we bring with us because of our own background and personalities. "Idols of the Marketplace." - correct answers are social in nature and refer to the imprecise use of language. Bacon said, "words plainly force and overrule the understanding, and throw all into confusion..." "Idols of the Theatre." - correct answers " are fallacies that occur when we accept fashionable ideas uncritically . Why is communication so difficult to define? - correct answers The term definition comes from a Latin word meaning "to determine, bring to an end, or settle." Definitions clarify concepts by indicating their boundaries. Unfortunately, no single definition of communication does this to everyone's satisfaction. . How many published definitions of human communication are there? - correct answers in the early 1970s, Frank Dance identified 126 published definitions of communication